The market for floor coverings is currently offereda lot of materials. Each of them has its own properties. One of the most popular and affordable is linoleum. This cover is unpretentious, so you can meet it almost everywhere. Such popularity is provided by simplicity of installation and good operational characteristics. You can perform all the laying work yourself. However, it is first necessary to familiarize yourself with the main recommendations and rules, and also decide what kind of linoleum to prefer.
Can I use linoleum as a basis
A rather urgent dilemma is the question,whether it is possible to lay linoleum on linoleum. The answer here is ambiguous. If under your feet you have a covering that has seen species laid before the collapse of the Soviet empire, then, without a doubt, it is necessary to dismantle it. There are several reasons for this, among them:
- dust;
- mud;
- exfoliation;
- uneven surface.
A serious obstacle may be the lastfactor. In this case, it can not be ruled out that a modern elastic material will allocate unsightly defects that you tried to decorate during the repair process. You can remove the old cover by cutting it into separate pieces.
If the linoleum was laid recently, and you onlythat stopped in a new apartment and do not want to use the old covering, then there is no reason to clean it. Before laying a new material, you just need to remove all dust and dirt, degrease the surface and dry it.
If you still can not decide for yourself the questionabout whether it is possible to lay linoleum on linoleum, then the answer will be positive if the repair was carried out recently. In this case it is important to make sure that the humidity in the room being trimmed does not exceed 65%. The optimum temperature is 18 ° C.
Choice of linoleum
PVC-linoleum is made of the same namematerials with fillers, pigments and plasticizers. Industrial additives can have different purposes. Some of them, for example, give strength and elasticity. One of the main advantages of this linoleum is an extensive color scheme. You may be interested in the following qualities:
- antistatic;
- simplicity of laying;
- moisture resistance.
But like every material, PVC linoleumthere are minuses. They are expressed in low resistance to fats, negative temperatures, alkalis and solvents. PVC-linoleum can have a basis, which can be:
- non-woven;
- tissue;
- foamed.
The material can be single-layered or multilayered.This affects the quality of heat and sound insulation. If you decide the question of which linoleum better to put in your apartment, then you can pay attention to the reel. It is based on synthetic rubbers. The material initially had two or three layers. The main place of its application is a room with a high level of humidity. Among the main advantages are:
- strength;
- durability;
- elasticity;
- durability;
- high thermal insulation qualities.
One of the important features of the religion is its unpretentiousness to the foundation. The material has its drawbacks, for example:
- poor resistance to chemical solvents;
- high flammability;
- low ecological compatibility.
Before you put linoleum, you mustDetermine which of its kind to give preference. Among the most common are nitrocellulose coating, which is used in the manufacture of stabilizers, colloxylins, flame retardants, fillers and dyes. This coating is made single-layer. Its main advantages are moisture resistance and flexibility.
The main disadvantage is a high levelfire hazard. If you want to make the floor insulated, then use nitrocellulose linoleum is not worth it, since it has a high thermal conductivity. It does not possess stability:
- to alkalis;
- acids;
- solvents.
If the room is not usedchemical substances, then such a coating is good. To lay it it will be necessary to prepare the foundation well. If you have a question about how to lay linoleum, then you need to understand its main types. Among others - alkyd linoleum, which is also called glyptal. It is the most environmentally friendly, because alkyd resins are used for its production. Fillers and pigments are added to them. The fabric acts as the basis.
This coating has high quality heat andsound insulation. You can take advantage of a wide variety of choice of colors and patterns. Among the shortcomings it is necessary to highlight the low resistance to temperature extremes.
Linoleum for the kitchen
Many consumers today are not aware that linoleum can be natural. Jute fibers and nonwovens are used as the basis. This coating will have:
- high strength;
- resistance to abrasion;
- fire resistance;
- bactericidal;
- antistatic;
- resistance to aggressive household chemicals;
- outstanding heat and sound insulation properties.
Such material should be chosen for the kitchen.Its main advantage is hygiene. The coating is environmentally friendly and retains its properties during the entire service life. Manufacturers claim that the material will be able to lie from 20 to 40 years, without requiring repair. If you decide the question of which linoleum to lay in the kitchen, then you should choose a natural variety. You should not be afraid of its high cost, because the price is justified by quality.
You may prefer semi-commercial orhousehold linoleum. If the kitchen is often your entire family, then you should choose the first type. It is resistant to abrasion and will fully comply with the stated service life. Pay attention also to whether the coating has protection against bacteria. It can be expressed in a layer of silver microparticles, which release the corresponding substances into the air. They prevent the reproduction of microbes.
Do I need a substrate
The substrate is a buildingmaterial that provides decorative coating with additional properties. In this case, the linoleum will be well protected from mold, moisture, will provide sound and heat insulation of the floor, as well as make unevenness of the rough coating imperceptible.
What is better to lay linoleum?This question is often asked beginners. If you also were among them, then you should pay attention to the coverage that you have chosen. If it has a polyvinyl chloride, fabric or jute base, which replaces a heated floor, then there is no need to purchase a substrate. In all other cases, we can use canvases based on:
- traffic jams;
- jute;
- flax.
If you do not know what to lay under the linoleum, thenYou can pay attention to the combined substrate, which are made by combining wool, flax and jute. The main advantage of this material is its high density, which reaches 700 g per square meter.
Instructions for laying
Many home masters decide howlay linoleum. If you also were among them, then you should know that the material after the acquisition must be left in the room so that it straightens up and assumes a normal temperature. For installation, observe the temperature and humidity conditions. The thermometer in the room should not fall below +18 ˚C, while the humidity level should not be more than 65%. If these two parameters differ from the recommended marks, the linoleum may expand or shrink.
Another important point of stacking isthe need for acclimatization. The material must lie in the room during the day. During this time the canvas will align and take the form of the floor. This will facilitate installation work. Before you lay the linoleum, you will need to cut it. To do this, you can use a special knife with replaceable blades. In order for the edges to become end-to-end, trimming must be performed following a certain algorithm. Two canvases overlap each other with an overlap of 5 cm. They are pressed tightly and cut through with a knife. If the density and thickness do not allow to do it at once, then you should try to leave a cut on the bottom canvas.
Linoleum is trimmed to overlap walls at 10 cm.Corners are cut diagonally. In those places where the material will come into contact with the pipes, it must be cut in a straight line. Then the canvas is cut along the contour of the pipe. Fixation can be done in one of two ways, which will be discussed below.
Glueless technology
Если вам интересно, как правильно стелить linoleum, then you can use glue-free method. It is chosen when the area of one web is greater than or equal to the area of the room. This technology is also suitable for the case when the surface loads are not too large.
In order to lay the sheets without glue, it is necessaryunfold the roll and cut across the area of the room. Do not forget about lapping. Double-sided tape is glued along the perimeter, the floor covering is laid on top. It must be leveled from the center towards the walls. Cuts should be made in the corners to make the sheets close together. Before you begin, you must learn how to lay linoleum correctly. In the process must comply with technology. At its next stage, the edges must be turned away from the walls and the protective covering removed from the adhesive tape. The edge of the linoleum returns to the place and glued. The canvas itself needs to be pulled a little. In the role of additional fastening is used plinth. It should fit to the surface of the coating as tightly as possible.
Adhesive method
If you decide for yourself how tolay linoleum in the apartment, you can use the technology where glue is used. Instead, you can use mastics. Linoleum at the first stage is laid out on the surface and cropped, as in the case above. One side rises, and then glue is applied to the entire area of the piece with a spatula. The material must be replaced and pressed well.
With this method for better adhesion basefirst saturated with primer. We make linoleum with our own hands using a small trowel. You can apply glue to them. Whereas a wide tool is used for smoothing. After gluing one side to it, you can become to bend and glue the other. It is necessary to start fixing from the opposite corner of the door.
The operation must be repeated from the other side.For a tight fit and gluing of two webs, use double-sided adhesive tape. It is glued along the entire length of the joint, and then the protective film is removed. Then it is necessary to glue both pieces of linoleum to the surface. At the final stage, the seams should be glued with a special glue and allow the material to cure until the liquid mixture dries. It will take several days. The base can then be fully exploited.
Laying linoleum on wooden floor
How to lay linoleum on the floor?This question arises from the owners of private houses, where wood is one of the most common materials. It usually does not cause any special difficulties, it will be enough to level or replace the rough base. The condition of the wooden floor should be checked. The floorboards should fit together as closely as possible. They should not squeak and fall through. If the floor is in good condition, then it is cycled, and then proceed to installation. Otherwise, you will have to perform repair and leveling works.
If the floorboards are cracked and have differenttall, but they are fairly strong and do not fall through, the wooden floor is looped, and the gaps are filled with putty. Above you can lay waterproof plywood. Next will be linoleum. If you notice that the boards fail, you will have to perform a more serious repair.
For this wooden floor is disassembled to lag.If they have a good condition, then in places of failures it is necessary to lay pieces of wood and set logs on the horizon. If the lags have damage, they are replaced, and in their place install new ones. Before laying the linoleum on the wooden floor, you should check if the floorboards are rotten. They may have other damage. In this case, they are changing. To create a level surface, plywood or gypsum-fiber sheets are laid on the wooden floor. Installation can be carried out directly on the floorboards. But if the floor has a slope, then wooden lags are substituted for leveling the plane under the sheets.
GVL and plywood are fixed to floorboardsself-tapping screws, which are installed on the perimeter and diagonal of the sheet. The distance between the fasteners reaches 40 cm. In order for the wood not to crack during the screwing of the screws, you should drill small holes for the screw. Before you lay the linoleum on a wooden floor, you need to make sure that the surface is even. It should not have protruding parts and obvious drops.
Laying linoleum on concrete
Если вы хотите упростить работы, то лучше в as the basis to use concrete. This technology is simpler compared to the one where wood is used as a rough surface. The main requirement for the technology is a dry, flat surface.
Если вы хотите знать, как стелить линолеум на the concrete floor, then first you will need to remove the old decorative coating. The concrete surface is checked, it should not be detected cracks, irregularities and grooves. With the help of self-leveling compounds you can make a surface screed. It is left until drying, and then proceed to the laying of linoleum. If the surface has potholes, and the concrete crumbles, then the old concrete screed is removed, and a new one is placed in its place.
When buying flooring it will be importantpick up a special glue. It must be elastic. Such compositions are divided into two types. Some are designed for continuous gluing, others - for partial fixation. If you choose the first variety, the composition may be one-, two-component, water-dispersion, polyurethane, or be a mixture on a solvent.
If you want to know how to lay linoleum onconcrete floor, it is better to choose an environmentally safe composition according to the type of water-dispersion mixture. It is elastic and fixes the coating well. Using the described conditions, you can apply double-sided tape. The technique will be the same as in the above case. A more complicated, but reliable approach is the use of glue. Depending on the type of glue, you should choose a tool for applying the mixture. This may be a notched trowel or roller.
Additional recommendations for using plywood as a rough coat
Монтаж линолеума по данной методике carried out in the same way as on any other basis. However, in this case there is one nuance. It lies in the fact that water-based glue should be acquired only in the case when the flooring has the following bases: rag, jute, felt. These materials are able to absorb moisture from the mixture.
But to use dispersion glue together withPVC-based linoleum is impossible. How to lay linoleum on plywood? This question is one of the most common among home craftsmen. Apply with this you can double-sided tape or glue. In the latter case, the coating should be rolled roller, moving from the center of the room to the edges. The operation is then repeated with another part of the coverage.
