The technology of mounting the "wet façade" has acquiredwide popularity in the domestic construction market. This method of insulation has a number of advantages over other methods. This article will detail the sequence of installation works, from it you will learn the features, advantages and disadvantages of this process.
The composition of the "wet facade"
This technology is quite complex, it is a multi-layered structure, which includes:
- effective insulation - expanded polystyrene, mineral wool;
- primer - glue layer;
- reinforcing compound for the coupling of the finish coat and thermal insulation;
- mesh alkaline or reinforcing;
- finishing layer.
As a heater, materials withthe minimum value of thermal conductivity, most often use expanded polystyrene. Reinforcing mesh protects the facade from cracks, and the finish layer - from the impact of the environment.
Stages of work
The device "wet façade" occurs in several stages:
- preparation;
- device socle profile;
- installation of thermal insulation;
- installation of reinforcing layer;
- finish.
At the first stage, the technology of mounting "wetfacade "requires careful preparation of the foundation.The walls need to be cleaned of various contaminants.The damaged areas are replaced by whole, and the unevennesses are leveled with plaster.It is advisable to test the surface on the bearing and adhesive characteristics.If the facade lining is made of strong-absorbing materials, the walls need to be primed additionally.
After preparation, the "wet facade" of the house requires the installation of a profile strip. This design distributes the load of the thermal insulation boards and prevents moisture from entering.
Styrofoam or mineral wool is installed usingspecial adhesive composition. It is desirable to apply the mixture pointwise in the middle, and along the edges - a broad band. The technology of mounting the "wet façade" is made by the type of "brick" masonry, that is, by the method of construction. Stacking is made from the bottom up, excess glue is removed. After two or three days, the construction is further strengthened with dowels, beforehand making nests for them.
Армирующий слой выполняют через пару дней после installation of thermal insulation boards. First, treat all joints and corners, only then smooth surface. The reinforcing layer is applied to the plates, then an alkaline mesh is laid, then the surface is smeared with the same adhesive composition.
Necessary materials
The technology of mounting a "wet façade" involves the use of various materials. Facade systems are divided into three main groups:
1. Organic - using expanded polystyrene, silicone decorative plasters and organic reinforcing mass.
2. Mineral: Mineral mixes, slabs and silicate finishing plasters are chosen for installation.
3. Combined.
Decorative finishing
Данному этапу монтажных работ уделяется особое Attention. The insulation of apartments implies an attractive appearance of the structure. This is what decorative decoration is for. In addition to the aesthetic function, the plaster protects the facade from the effects of the environment.
Decorative decoration can be different, someprefer neutral shades, someone chooses a bright wet facade of the house. Mixtures are textured, designed to create a relief, thin and imitate costly materials. Very often the insulation of apartments or private houses is accompanied with a pattern or pattern on the slabs that emphasize a particular architectural style.
Advantages of a "wet facade"
This method of warming has a number of positive sides, we list the main ones:
- small surface heating;
- noise insulation;
- reduction of heating costs in winter due to effective thermal insulation;
- protection of load-bearing structures and facades from environmental influences, precipitation, etc .;
- creation of optimal heat transfer;
- creation of a favorable microclimate;
- sealing of seams and joints;
- universality, that is, it is possible to mount panels of any building construction, including making a brick house;
- a variety of finishes;
- the possibility of restoration of the facade in the future;
- increase the life of the building due to the distribution of the load on the foundation.
disadvantages
Warming of a brick house, apartment or anyanother building object on technology "wet facade" has its negative sides. The main disadvantage of this method is certain working conditions that must be strictly observed. Installation can be done at low humidity and at a temperature not lower than 5-7 degrees Celsius. It is extremely undesirable to warm the facade with a wet method during precipitation. However, modern builders have found a way out: in winter, the work surface is covered with a film and the air is warmed with special guns, maintaining the required temperature. It should be borne in mind that drying the finish layer can even harm the fog.
Mounting recommendations
Insulation of facades is best done under the following conditions:
- air humidity - no more than 80%;
- air temperature - + 5-30 degrees Celsius;
- work in a place protected from sunlight;
- use plasters and mixtures from the same batch, especially if you work with colored compositions;
- after applying the plaster layer, the surface should be protected from drying out and moisture ingress for 2-3 days;
- it is necessary to install the structure, observing the prescribed distances, for example, between scaffolding and slabs there should be a gap of not less than 45 cm.
Common mistakes
Unfortunately, builders very often do"Wrong" wet facade. Photos of such low-quality works can be easily found on specialized resources. In order for the process to be performed qualitatively, it is important to consider the listed recommendations. Frequent errors:
- Installation of insulation boards in adverse conditions. As a result - the destruction of the facade, the detachment of parts of the structure, the appearance of dirt.
- Docking plates made loosely. In this case, splits and cracks will appear at the finishing layer.
- Poor preparation of the base leads to the collapse of the insulation layer.
- If the reinforcing mesh is mounted on the insulation layer is not overlapped, then in the future there will appear cobweb cracks on the facade.
“If, during work, the reinforcing strips of the reinforcing mesh are not used in the corners of the openings, then, most likely, diagonal cracks will appear on the surface in the near future.
- Unevenly applied layer of glue leads to the same consequences.
- The appearance of the uneven surface of the facade and cruciform strips are due to poor installation performance, namely non-compliance with geometry.
- Hillocks on the facade appear from the protruding dowels.
- If the outer decorative layer falls off, then most likely the wrong kind of vapor-proof plaster is selected.
- If during the work you did not use stubsfor the ends of the window sills, the result will be a short-lived "wet facade." A photo of the destruction of the decorative layer in places with low tide can be seen below.
- Mechanical damage to the plates form a "bridge" of cold. Because of this, a fungus and mold appear on the inner layer.
- Any expansion joint will adversely affect the decorative layer of plaster, forming cracks.
Costing
Many construction companies producedinstallation of "wet facade". The price of works directly depends on the cost of components. The latter also varies widely. Most of the cost goes to the insulation and dowels, their total cost is 50% of the total. Comparing mineral wool and polystyrene foam, we can safely say that the purchase of the first component will cost you a large amount.
Installation work is also paid separately. Below are the average prices in Russia:
- installation / dismantling of scaffolding - 150-200 rubles / sq. m .;
- soil of deep penetration - 50-70 rubles / sq. m .;
- installation of insulation and surface alignment - 450-500 rubles / sq. m .;
- base layer with reinforcing mesh - 250-300 rubles / sq. m .;
- finishing plaster - 250-350 rubles / sq. m .;
- priming of walls with quartz sand - 50-100 rubles / sq. m
Отдельно оплачивается устройство декоративных elements, the price depends on the complexity of the architectural decor and the desires of the customer. Installation of decorative stone on the facade and basement costs 800-1000 rubles / sq. m. To make a complete cost estimate, the specialist must visit the construction site, since the cost of work is influenced by many factors:
- surface area;
- condition of the facade (the presence of damage, the condition of the walls, the number and depth of cracks, irregularities, etc.);
- the complexity of the work;
- design features of the facade (the number of door and window openings, their configuration);
- amount of material.
Also on the total cost of the work will affectthe trade mark of the materials used, the thickness of the insulation, the choice of the type of plaster. For example, cement-based or mineral-based compounds are considered the cheapest. Acrylic and polymer plasters cost a little more. Silicone and liquid glass based blends are the most expensive.
Wet facade insulation - a modern waycreate a cozy and warm atmosphere in the house. At observance of some necessary requirements the design will provide a favorable microclimate for a long time.
