Choosing the right heating system is an important step.construction and arrangement of a private house. Solid and liquid fuel units gradually fade into the background. Air heating of a private house is gaining wide popularity; almost any owner of suburban housing will be able to carry it out with his own hands. How to do this, this article will tell.
Air heating - what is it?
This method of heating is a kind ofthermoregulation system, in which cooled or heated air enters the room. Practically everyone can do air heating of a country house with their own hands, the main thing is to deal with the principle of the system and its composition. It includes:
- Branched duct channels. They provide access to air flow in heated rooms.
- Water heater or heatgenerator. It heats the air.
- Distributive heads of the fan. They direct the air masses inside the premises in the right direction.
Principle of operation
The heat generator usually incorporatescombustion chamber, burner and heater. Below, from under the fan, cold air enters the heat exchanger. The fuel that is burned in the combustion chamber emits energy. Due to it, the heat exchanger heats up, which means that the temperature of the air that was in it rises. Next, the heated streams enter the air outlets and are directed to the room. Heat generators are of different types, some work on the trunk or liquefied bottled gas, others - on diesel fuel. The burner, due to its versatility, can burn any substance. In any, even standard heater, the burner can be replaced. Together with it, the whole supply system is also mounted. All exhaust gases go through the chimney.
Воздушная система отопления частного дома involves the use of air vents of one of two types: round or square. The first ones have minimal aerodynamic resistance, their diameter is 10-20 cm. Square or rectangular air vents are made in the form of ducts. Most often use parts with an area of 10 * 15 or 32 * 40 cm. Such air outlets are easier to install and take up less space.
Advantages and disadvantages of air heating
Air heating system of a private house has both advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include the following characteristics:
- high level of efficiency (more than 90%);
- lack of additional equipment - radiators and pipes;
- a comfortable microclimate in a heated room;
- low inertia of the system, allowing you to quickly heat the house or lower the temperature if necessary;
- fans can be used in conjunction with solid fuel stoves, this allows you to heat all the rooms in the house;
- purification of air from allergens and other harmful substances due to filters;
- the ability to connect the system with an air humidifier;
- in the summer season with additional traction, you can cool the room.
Air heating of a private house, the cons of which we consider below, is far from a perfect system. She has serious disadvantages:
- this type of heating should be laid at the beginning of the construction of the house;
- the complexity of installation;
- calculation of the diameters of the air ducts before installation;
- air heating requires constant maintenance;
- it is very difficult to upgrade the system during operation;
- air heating requires additional filtration and humidification of the air;
- in case of power outages, you need to have a backup current source.
Types of air heating
To mount the air heating of a private house with your own hands, you should understand the installation methods. These systems are based on 2 schemes:
- forced;
- gravitational.
The first scheme assumes the presence in the systemfan. It creates the necessary pressure, and the air heated by the heat generator moves to the air vents. Its location is usually the same regardless of the type of system - it is under the heater. The air that enters the fan is already pre-cleaned from dust, dirt and germs. Back it comes back through the ventilation grilles or return air vents.
Air heating a private house, do it yourselfperformed by a natural or gravitational scheme, functions by changing the density of air. The main advantage of such a system is that it practically does not depend on the supply of electricity. But the circulation of heated air masses can easily be disrupted by a conventional draft. The working part of the room is cooled, and the pre-ceiling, on the contrary, overheats.
Features direct-flow heating system
Air heating a private house with their own handsoften done using a direct-flow heating system. The principle of operation is as follows. The air is driven by the fan through the heater and through the channels into the room. It gives off heat, assimilates allergens and microbes and leaves through the reverse shaft. This system is recognized as the most hygienic and safe, but at the same time it has its drawbacks. The main disadvantage of direct-flow heating - large heat loss.
Recirculating heating system. Nuances
Such a system is characterized ashighly economical heating. The air is heated in the heater and sent through the ventilation channels to the premises. Then it cools, compensates for heat loss and comes back. Then the air is heated again, and the process repeats. Of course, this system is the least hygienic, since harmful substances enter the premises again. Recycling is provided where ventilation is not needed as such.
Design and calculation of the air heating system
To install air heating by your ownhands, calculation, scheme, the device of which must be taken into account in the installation process, it is required to carry out a certain preparation. As soon as you decide to install such a system, you need to make a preliminary draft. Be sure to calculate the following indicators:
- feed rate of heated air;
- sufficient power of the heat generator in order to heat the room to the desired temperature;
- diameter of air outlets;
- aerodynamic characteristics;
- the amount of heat loss on the ceiling, walls and floor.
Air heating of a private house, the scheme of whichwill help to take into account all the constituent elements, must be agreed with the experts. They will help to perform the necessary calculations. Turning to a special service, you can avoid drafts in the room, noise and vibration in the house, as well as overheating of the heat generator.
It is better to think over the equipment installation site in advance; there are no general recommendations on this issue.
Choosing a heat generator
Unfortunately, not everyone prefers to install air heating of a private house. The cost of the system device depends on the choice of heat source. They are of two types:
- mobile;
- stationary.
Gas mobile heat generators - verybulky installation. Most often they are used in industrial facilities. Consider in more detail the stationary equipment. These heat generators have a closed combustion chamber. They are installed in pre-prepared places with a smoke exhaust system. Stationary heat generators are issued in the form of floor or suspended equipment. The latter is otherwise called heaters. They are designed for heating a single room. Most often, the heater is used in country cottages and cottages, as it is able to warm up the room in a matter of hours.
The suspended heat generator does not take up much space and works very quietly. The installation case is made of materials with low thermal conductivity, so it is safe to use.
Floor generator - a more voluminous apparatus. He is able to heat the house completely due to the connected air vent.
Installation equipment
Air heating of a private country house, made by hand, provides for the following equipment:
- air outlets;
- heat generator;
- fan;
- decorative grids;
- hoses for air intake outside the room.
Installation instructions
Installing air heating with their own hands (the scheme, the device of the system were discussed above) in several stages:
- Installation of the boiler and heat exchanger.
- Fan installation.
- Distribution, installation of air vent.
- Warming of the return and giving channels.
- Creating a hole in the wall of the house for air intake and installation of the sleeve.
Air heating of a private house (reviews areconfirm) start with the installation of the boiler. It is usually mounted in the basement. It is strictly forbidden to connect the boiler to the gas mains itself, it is necessary to call a specialist. The chimney can be made from sheet metal. The upper part of the heat exchanger is connected to the supply air vent, and a fan is installed under the combustion chamber. From the outside to bring him a return pipe. The first stage is completed.
The wiring process begins by joininghighways of the giving channel of flexible air offtakes. As a rule, they are made with a round section. Next, mount the return air vent, usually it has a larger diameter, but the outputs of such a channel is less than that of the feed.
Чтобы в рукаве не образовывался конденсат, его need to warm. Next, in the pipe install the throttle, through which the process of regulating the amount of fresh air entering. After the system is mounted, you can hide all the pipes and wires with drywall boxes for greater aesthetics.
Reviews and recommendations
In recent years, many have mounted their ownair heating of a private house. Responses of owners of such systems are often positive. Many are satisfied with the effectiveness of this type of heating, according to them, the heating of the whole house is much faster than in the case of using conventional radiators or batteries.
Professionals recommend contacting experts for help in the calculations, and with regard to installation, you can do it yourself. Some tips from experienced craftsmen:
- to attach the diverting air outlets, it is better to take aluminum reinforced tape;
- to attach the pipe to the ceiling, you must use clamps;
- supply air ducts should be as close as possible to the floor;
- if the house has air conditioning, then it is necessary to warm all the pipes to avoid moisture vapor settling;
- in the case of using hoses for air intake with a large number of knees or with a different length, it is better to use additional valves;
- some embed additional cleaning filters in the air heating of a private house, the cost of the system will be higher;
- for cooling of rooms it is possible to install in addition the evaporative block of the conditioner.
You will have to pay about 200000-250000 rubles for home equipment. If you mount the system yourself, you can save about 100,000 rubles.
Air heating - a new way of heating homes and country cottages. A high level of efficiency and the possibility of self-assembly make the system increasingly popular.
