Прежде чем приступать к установке системы heating, it is necessary to take into account all the parameters of the structure. It does not depend on how big the house is and how many floors there are in it. To select the most suitable scheme, you need to consider the following factors:
- Used fuel.
- Power characteristics of radiators.
- Type of boiler.
- The material from which the heating will be made.
The scheme of heating a single-storey house can be presented in several variants.
- Single-tube.
- Gravitational.
- Two-tube.
Each variant has its own peculiarities.
Gravity type
This scheme of heating a single-storey house isthe simplest classic option. It has both advantages and disadvantages. The self-heating scheme of heating a single-storey house is based on the layout of the house. The circle of circulation must envelop the entire structure. The disadvantages of this system include massive pipes. Without them, the circulation of the coolant will be ineffective. In this case, do not use radiators or replace pipes with thinner ones. This will result in the maximum reduction of the flow rate and the cessation of water circulation. Thus, the temperature in the housing will decrease significantly. For this reason, the simplest gravity scheme of heating a single-storey house includes a boiler and a tap, which entangles the whole house. You can also increase the area of the heating device. For this, not one, but two thick bends are launched. Many people are interested in the question of how to organize the connection yourself. To do this, you need an instruction for wiring the water system. Thanks to her, all work can be performed by one person, even if he has a minimum building experience. At the same time, the system should be fault-tolerant and cheap.
Primary requirements
Схема системы отопления одноэтажного дома должна To be composed in such a way as to mount it was as simple as possible. It is not always possible to invite professionals for design and the work itself. In addition, it will be very interesting to do installation work with my own hands. Another important requirement is the economy of operation. At the efficiency of the boiler, the heating scheme of a private single-storey house is practically unaffected. Nevertheless, it is required to do everything in order to increase the heat savings. Also it is necessary to take care of fault tolerance. The last parameter means that the heating of a single-storey house must be arranged so that the system does not freeze at any temperature outside due to excessive heat emission. Energy independence is the desired factor. If the installation of water heating with forced circulation is carried out, it is best that it also can work with the natural, even with a decrease in efficiency. The fact is that power interruptions happen quite often.
Features of devices
The parameters of modern convectors are very similar tothe possibilities of radiators, which can not be said about the domestic products of the 80s. The question of what to put is decided individually. In order to calculate the required number of heaters, you can use a fairly simple formula: 10 square meters. m. area at a standard ceiling height (approximately 3 m) per 1 kW of heat output. All information about the heater is usually contained in the accompanying documentation.
Variants of spreading
There are different schemes of water heating of a single-storey house. Let's consider the basic types. First let's see what a two-pipe scheme for heating a single-storey house is.
General information about the connection
On the perimeter of the house (in a residentialfloor) two pipelines are laid. One of them is reverse, and the other is serving. As jumpers in them are embedded convectors, fan coil units, registers or radiators. Thus, a peculiar short circuit is created. It is known that water tends to circulate through the heating elements nearest to the corresponding pump. It is necessary to balance the system so that the far instruments also receive heat. The passage of water through a certain part of the batteries must be limited by means of chokes. This scheme has its drawbacks. First of all, we are talking about a large flow of pipes. There is a danger of defrosting without balancing. For example, if a curious child opens the nearest chokes to the point of failure, then after a while in the distant batteries, the circulation will completely fall. After that, it is very difficult to restore such heating systems, as the radiators and pipes will be ruptured by ice.
Subtypes
Vertical
A feature of this heating scheme is that,that the water comes at a time to all radiators, which are located vertically at different levels. For more accurate tinctures of heating, thermostats and balance valves are used.
Horizontal
This heating scheme differs in thatThe heat-transfer agent arrives at once to all radiators, which are located on one level. In this case, all their outputs are connected to one tap. With the help of the return element, the coolant returns to the boiler.
Horizontal distribution
With the boiler, the outputs of all radiators are connected. Examples are warm floors.
Radiation connection
The scheme of this heating system is as follows.
Collectors are mounted on the reverse and directtaps. On any pipeline there must be combs with chokes. From each pair (with return and feed) to the battery is a pair of pipes. This scheme is notable for its convenience, wide possibilities and excellent regulation. However, installation in this case is quite a challenge. It will be necessary to hide about half a dozen pipes behind the false walls or floor screed. In fact, there will be much more. Accordingly, the final cost will be quite high.
Single-pipe scheme for heating a single-storey house ("Leningrad")
This connection option is the simplest.One-pipe scheme of heating of a single-storey house assumes the installation of certain elements in the established sequence. On the perimeter of the house you need to put out a large diameter bend (at least DU32). In this case, the larger the size, the better. The pipe is mounted inside the living rooms. Thus, all the heat given off by its surface will heat the rooms. The outer walls require it most. The wiring must be slightly higher on the feeding side than in the place where the return goes back to the boiler. Convectors or radiators cut into the loop. This is done using a pipe of smaller diameter - mostly DN20. On the piping it is desirable to mount the heater cut-off valves, as well as throttles. Air vent in the upper plug will not be superfluous. This heating circuit will allow to start the heat without the need of installing additional fittings.
Vertical connection
В этой схеме вода, нагретая в котле, поступает по pipeline in the first radiator, and then in the second. After the coolant passes through the last element, it is again in the boiler. In this case, there is one drawback. It represents the temperature difference between the last and the first radiator. This problem is corrected during design and installation operations. The last radiators in accordance with the working area are made large. In some cases, bypass jumpers are used for balancing. Adjusting such a scheme is quite a challenge.
Horizontal connection
In one of the above-described connectionsThe successive radiators were located vertically at different levels. In the same system is a little different device. Each radiator is sequentially located one after another horizontally. Water similarly comes from the boiler to the input of the first, whose output, in turn, is connected to the second one. The last radiator is connected to the boiler. It is also very difficult to regulate such a scheme. However, balancing can be done during design and installation operations. Chokes are important elements in the system. With their help, the temperature of radiators along the ring is equalized. Thanks to special instruments, air is placed, which without these elements is displaced by water in the upper part of the heating unit. Thus, the heat transfer efficiency is reduced. Installation of such a system is easily carried out independently. This is done quickly enough, in addition, with minimal costs. Heat will not be lost, since all communication elements are located inside the living quarters. The movement of the coolant will slow down if a circulation pump is installed. However, it will not stop. The temperature expansion of the water will facilitate the continuation of the circulation.
Types of heat sources
Today, the scheme of gasheating a single-storey house. The heat carrier is heated in the boiler. As the name implies, the connection is made to the gas main. It combines convenience and cheapness. Condensing boilers are considered the best of gas. Such boilers allow you to extract the maximum heat from combustion products. This is achieved by condensation. The best solid fuel boilers are pyrolysis. In them, the fuel first becomes gas (with limited air access), and then burns. Ashes remains very little. In addition, similar boilers can work in semi-automatic mode. Thus, the participation of tenants will be minimal. Any modern gas boiler is equipped with a thermostat.
