The windows in the house are used for natural ventilation,lighting and insolation - irradiation of surfaces with ultraviolet radiation. They are enclosing structures and must comply with soundproof and heat engineering standards.
Types of glasses
Glass is a standard material used in the window block to fill the opening. Window panes are presented in a variety of variations, for example:
- tempered - having increased resistance to shock and temperature extremes;
- reinforced - safe and heat resistant;
- reflective (reflex) - used for protection from the sun;
- painted
You can also find mirror translucentthe options creating a cozy coolness in the house, due to reflection of sunshine. Such glass window while using the air conditioner can significantly save energy.
Widespread acquired filmcoatings that impart certain decorative and functional characteristics. They are able to provide one-sided visibility, protection from the sun, toning, noise insulation, fire resistance, energy saving, impact resistance. Spray or specialized film used for tinting.
For the implementation of the design project and the solution of certain tasks, glass triplex, designer (matte, sandblasted and others), stained glass, decorative glass are used.
The choice of design
Thanks to the design of modern windows appearsAn extensive selection of ways to fill the light opening, which allow you to find an individual solution for each case. It is necessary to take into account the functions assigned to the window. For example, there is no need for complex design, if there are no high requirements for sound and heat insulation. If for this region the single-door version with selective glass and a double-glazed window meets the regulatory requirements, then this design scheme will completely suit the consumer.
There is a triple, double and singleglazing The first two options are divided into windows with separate and connected bindings, and the glazing used can be conventional or in the form of a glass unit.
Window panes can be held both by blind window shutters and by the frame. Boxes used instead of leaflets are installed as an insulated element.
Double glazing
Double-glazed windows consist of two or more glasses,which have a dense contour connection and the separation of layers of inert gas or air. Can be used with conventional or selective glass windows, reducing heat loss. When using special coatings, it is possible to obtain a given spectrum of sunlight entering the premises. By changing the gas-filling composition, the distance between the glasses, the types of material and the film coating, it is possible to choose a variant with the specified functions.
Installation of the glazing system is possible in the window blocks of any materials, including traditional wood. There are special programs that simplify the process of choosing the right solution.
Window glass: dimensions and compliance
Calculates the required level of illumination, independing on the purpose of the rooms, by determining the exact ratio of the size of the floor and window openings. Also the proportions and dimensions of the windows must comply with the decorative and construction requirements. It is worth paying attention to the fact that in terms of hygienic standards, an increase in lighting improves the living environment, but at the same time contributes to high costs in construction and heating.
Window glass thickness
According to GOST, double-glazed windows should bebe from 16 to 46 mm. Thermophysical properties increase with increasing glass thickness. But the increase in performance occurs with attenuation - from a specific moment, the growth of thermal insulation decreases with each additional cm of glass. In this case, a good effect is the use of energy-saving options from glasses with a special low-emission surface. The thickness of the sound insulation properties has no significant effect.
При наполнении межстекольного пространства gases that have an increased density, compared with ordinary air, reduce heat loss, which occurs due to convection. Dynamic viscosity, density and conductivity have a direct impact on the thermal conductivity of the space between the panes.
It is also worth noting that when damagedglass unit replacement window panes will not be a way out, it will have to be completely changed. But thanks to the design of modern PVC windows, it becomes much easier to make the necessary changes. Add up the cost of repair of the cost of production of glass and installation work.
