Materials for roof roofing shouldmeet existing requirements. It is not only about their appearance, but also performance properties. Modern materials for the roof of the roof must reliably protect the structure from the negative effects of external factors. Primarily from wind, rain, snow and other precipitation. Is there a better roofing material? Let's try to figure it out further.
General information
There are various types on the market today.materials for roofing roofs. Coverage is classified according to performance. In this regard, choosing the material for the roof of the roof, it is necessary to consider the following:
- Purpose of the building.Facilities can be residential, industrial, household, household. In accordance with this, coatings with certain properties are selected. For example, the material for the roof of the roof of the garage may not be as attractive as for a residential building.
- Estimated life of the coating and facilities in general.
- Compliance of the material for the roof of the remaining elements of the roof structure.
- The complexity of installation and subsequent maintenance.
- Compliance with current trends.
- Soundproofing and heat-saving properties.
Main classification
Coatings are divided into:
- Heavy.
- Lungs.
- Having / not having a waterproof surface.
- Other
Специалисты отмечают, что абсолютно universal and ideal coverage does not exist, as, however, there is no perfect criterion of "ideality". However, the following is important: the material for the roof of the roof must comply with the roof system and other elements of the structure and structure as a whole.
Coating composition
In accordance with this indicator, the material for the roof of the roof can be:
- Mineral
- Metallic.
- Organic.
In a large assortment on the market todaypresented materials of the latter category. In earlier times, the most popular organic coatings were shingles and straw. Modern materials for the roof of this type of roof can last from 5-7 to 25-30 years. These include, in particular, bitumen-polymer, polymer and bitumen coatings. The disadvantage of these coatings is the instability to oxygen and UV rays. Under the influence of these factors, materials quickly wear out, some may rot. All organic coatings are flammable. Slightly smaller is the range of mineral (they are also called "stone") materials. Until recently, this category was widespread slate tiles and ceramic tiles. Today, more modern coatings have appeared. In particular, it is asbestos cement sheets (slate) and cement-sand tiles. These materials are more durable than organic. Mineral coatings are resistant to UV rays and less susceptible to rotting. However, at the same time they tolerate temperature drops quite poorly. For metal coatings include sheet materials. Copper, zinc, and steel are used as feedstock. Galvanization, in comparison with other coatings of this category, is not so durable. Its operational life is no more than 50 years. But copper and zinc coatings can last up to 100 years.
Other classification
Sheet material for roofing roofs can be:
- Metallic flat or profiled.
- Bitumen-fiber (synthetic fiber impregnated with bitumen).
- Asbestos cement (metal, ondulin and others).
- Color polymer (slate).
The material for the soft roof of the roof can be:
- Roll (asphalt, roofing material and its modifications).
- Film (rubber and polymer membranes).
- Piece (natural slate, shingles, soft as well).
- Mastics (bituminous and polymer).
However, the presented division can be considered conditional, since, for example, some sheet and piece materials differ only in size.
Slate
This roofing material has always been used.in demand. One of the advantages of the coating is its relatively low cost. Slate uses portland cement and short fiber asbestos. The first component contains 85%, the second - 15%. After solidification, an asbestos fiber reinforcing mesh is formed. It gives tensile strength and toughness. Slate coating is durable and fire resistant. European analogues of the material have greater strength, because they contain metal profiles. Builders note the ease of installation and dismantling of slate. For fixing, special screws or nails are used. To prevent leakage of the coating at the attachment points, rubber soft pads are used. One of the major drawbacks of slate is its ability to use it only on pitched structures. In addition, microcracks appear on the surface under the influence of precipitation. When water penetrates them, the damage becomes greater, which leads to the destruction of the coating. For increase in the operational term and improvement of decorative properties sheets of slate by production are covered with pigmentary structures. As a result, a protective layer is formed on the surface. Thanks to him, slate is one and a half times longer, and the release of asbestos into the atmosphere is less intense.
Fibrous sheet
Этот материал для кровли крыши дома имеет и another name is "euro-slate". It is analogous to the coating described above. Euroslate belongs to the category of modern materials. In Russia, the common name for this coating is ondulin (by popular brand). The form of sheets is similar to slate. A distinctive feature of ondulin is considered ease of processing and higher strength. The coating is lightweight. This allows you to lay it on the roof, without removing the previous material and not strengthening the roof system. Euroslate sheets are able to withstand gusts of wind and snow loads. Another analog is the coating, in the manufacture of which uses a homogeneous polymer. In the production method is used extrusion. Also in the process of manufacturing sheets corrugated. The advantages of this coating are strength, low weight, fire resistance, resistance to acid and alkaline media, environmental friendliness, a variety of shades and durability. However, this material can be laid on the roof with a slope of at least 15%.
New Coverage
Today the material is very popular.for soft roofing roof. At production the cardboard or other, not subject to rotting raw materials is used. In particular, fiberglass, polyester or fiberglass is used in production. They are coated with either pure bitumen or mixed with a polymer. These coatings are divided into:
- SBS-modified. They contain at least 10-12% of the polymer component. Such coatings are characterized by high elasticity, even at low temperatures.
- Apt-modified. They contain from 25% of the polymer component. Such coatings are highly heat resistant.
Materials from the second category are mainly used in areas with a hot climate, and from the first in weather conditions in Russia.
Simple bitumen-rolled coatings
These include various types of roofing material, the basiswhich is cardboard, metalloizol, folgoizol and others. Such coatings are used in the device of hydro- and vapor barrier. Roofing and lining roofing felt covered with pitched and flat roofs. One of the significant drawbacks of such coatings should be considered their short operational life - no more than five years. Roll materials are sensitive to atmospheric conditions. They do not tolerate temperature changes, UV rays and precipitation. Many seek to save money and acquire such coverage. However, subsequently, this initial cheapness will result in substantial financial costs. Higher quality materials are those that contain a foil layer: metal insol and folgoisol.
Advanced Coatings
При обустройстве верхнего и нижнего кровельных layers, and also when laying waterproofing are used rolled materials on the basis of fiber glass fabric, polyester or fiberglass. Among them, for example, it is worth noting rubestek, bikrost, linokrom, rubemast, glass logite. As a rule, they are used on flat and pitched structures (with a slope of up to 25%). If the slope is greater, then at high temperatures the material may slip from the roof. To fix the coating used mastic. Another disadvantage is the need for multilayer installation using gravel and stone chips. In general, the service life of the coating is about 15 years.
Piece Covers
This category includes shingles,translucent and metallic materials for the roof of the roof (photos of some examples can be seen in the article). Such coatings are mainly placed on mansard and hip constructions with a large slope. The common materials in this category include ceramic tiles, shingles and slate. The latter is characterized by durability and high decorative qualities. A shingle is a wooden plank with grooves and a wedge-shaped cross section. They are laid in several layers. Ceramic tiles are considered quite "ancient" coating. This material is environmentally friendly, durable (life is more than one hundred years), as well as high quality characteristics. Today, three types of tiles are used in construction:
- Grooved In this case, the laying of the upper and lower rows is carried out by opposite sides. As a result, the effect of the grooves.
- Groove. This coating is laid in the form of "shell". For fixing of elements to each other the lock connection is used.
- Flat. It is also called the beaver tail. When mounting the top element covers the joint between the bottom two.
There is also a cement-sand tile.In its manufacture quartz sand, iron oxide pigments and portland cement are used. This coating does not fade in direct sunlight, has high strength and long operating life. In addition, the material is fireproof, has good sound insulation and low thermal conductivity. Lay cover better on the pitched roof. Installation can be done by hand without the involvement of a team of specialists.
Metal
Today this material is most common.The advantages of metallic coatings include hygiene, high strength, fire resistance and low weight. Among the minuses worth noting susceptibility to corrosion, good thermal and sound conductivity. In the manufacture of the material, both sheet and piece materials are used: steel, duralumin, copper and gold-plated plates, stamped metal tiles. For installation of the coating requires the involvement of specialists. The most popular today galvanized and iron sheets. They are coated with a special protective layer of copper, titanium and zinc alloy, which prevents the appearance of corrosion.
