Sweet pepper is the leader among vegetables forthe content of vitamins C, PP and A, in addition, this vegetable has excellent taste qualities. Pepper is widely used and in raw form, and for cooking a variety of dishes.
Родиной сладкого перца является Мексика, поэтому this plant is very thermophilic and has a fairly long vegetative period. Consequently, in most areas of Russia, pepper cultivation is possible only through seedlings and under the condition of using greenhouses.
Seeds for seedlings are sown in boxes,installed in a room with windows facing the sunny side. The soil mixture is prepared from garden humus with the addition of wood ash and sand (a glass of additives per bucket of humus). Before using the soil mixture, it should be disinfected by adding water and steaming on the fire. Then the ground is covered with a ten-centimeter layer in the drawers, making grooves, leaving a distance of 5 cm between them. The seeds are laid in grooves, covered with earth and compacted a little. It is best to sow seeds in warm soil.
Seedlings of pepper will grow in boxes untiltwo real leaves are formed. As a rule, from the moment of emergence to picking takes 30-35 days. Watering the seedlings should be moderate, otherwise the seedlings can get sick. Water for irrigation should be stable and warm (25-27 degrees). Prior to picking, seedlings should be fed once, using a complex fertilizer, for example, "Vegeta" or "Agricola-3".
Pepper cultivation requires mandatorypicking in the period when the plants will have two real leaves. Transplant seedlings in pots or cups, the size of which should be no less than 8 by 8 cm. The soil mixture is prepared in the same way as for planting seedlings.
Seedlings of peppers are planted in greenhouses or hotbeds in the second-third decade of May. By this time the soil must be heated to at least 15 degrees.
Growing peppers requires soil preparation, sohow a good harvest can be obtained only in fertile areas. Therefore, up to 15 kg of humus, 25 grams of ammonium nitrate per 40 grams of potassium sulfate and superphosphate should be applied per square meter of the area of the site. Of course, it is more convenient to use a complex fertilizer, in which the necessary nutrients have already been introduced in the right proportions.
The planting scheme depends on the plant variety:On average, three to five plants are planted per square meter of the plot. One day before planting, the plant should be watered abundantly so as not to damage the roots. Planted plant in the hole at the same depth as it was in the pot, or 1-2 cm below. After planting, the plant is watered and mulched by soil under humus or peat: this will prevent the formation of soil crust.
It is very important to properly water the sweet pepper.Growing in a greenhouse involves 1-2 waterings per week, and the water should be used warm. When using cold water, the plant ceases to grow and can even get sick and die. With cloudy and cool weather, the watering rate should be slightly reduced.
It is extremely important to monitor the air temperature ingreenhouses, as overheating above 32-35 degrees will be bad for the crop. The most favorable temperature is 21-28 degrees in the daytime and 15-18 degrees at night. In good weather, the greenhouse needs to be opened and ventilated, as excessive humidity adversely affects the passage of pollination.
Pepper practically does not require the formation of plants,It is necessary to remove only the infertile and small stems located inside the bush. Feeding is carried out every two or three weeks, using complex fertilizers. For each plant, as a rule, make up to 1 liter of diluted nutrient composition. And before feeding, first water the plant with water, then make a nutrient solution and water again.
The technology by which the cultivation takes placebitter pepper, practically does not differ from the above. The only difference is that the plants of bitter pepper need pasynkovanie - the removal of flower shoots at the top of the bush. In this case, the plant begins to bush - the harvest will be higher.
As you can see, growing pepper is not such a complicated process. A little effort - and on your table will be fragrant and healthy fruits of sweet pepper, as well as spicy seasoning - pods of bitter pepper.
