If you decide that there will be a system in your homethe warm floor, on which you plan to lay a modern topcoat, the foundation of cement-sand mortar will be really reliable. It can be laid on any, even uneven basis, while you can make the desired slope. However, it is important to properly prepare the mixture, and after - apply it according to the technology. Leveling and drying are equally important steps if you want a strong, secure coating.
Preparation of the rough surface
Fill the screed floor is carried out on in advanceprepared surface. If the house has an old wooden floor, bare soil or concrete slab, then you should approach each case individually. If there are large cracks and cavities on the rough surface, they should be cleaned and covered with cement mortar. For grinding a concrete floor, you can use a grinder or milling equipment for concrete. You will be able to get rid of the formed dust by means of the construction vacuum cleaner.
Installation of beacons: reviews
Filling floor screed, according to the master,can be carried out directly on the ground. For this, the soil is compacted and padded with a sand pad. It is important to have a waterproofing layer so that moisture from the concrete does not leak down. Only after that you can start placing beacons, which are guides. They can be made from scrap materials using long battens, brick bricks, pipes and cement mixture. Home craftsmen do not recommend using wood, as the material will absorb moisture from the screed, which will subsequently cause uneven shrinkage.
You should first prepare slides of cementsolution, which will be convenient to install the profile. Its location is verified using the building level. Lighthouses should be located strictly parallel to each other, while the most extreme ones should be removed from walls by 20 cm. The distance between lighthouses should be less than 40 cm in length compared to the rule. Experts emphasize that lighthouses made of metal pipes will be strong; produced on a dense solution of gypsum.
Laying waterproofing and reinforcement
You can be independently implementedfill the floor. Cement screed for this is prepared in a certain proportion. The ratio of materials will be mentioned below, and at this stage waterproofing should be laid. For this you can use roofing felt and other similar materials, which are combined with a screed. It is important to remember that the mortar must adhere well to the base; most often, a universal primer is used to increase the adhesive characteristics. Drying the surface after applying the primer should be about 4 hours. If the floor absorbs moisture well, then it should be primed twice, otherwise it will not be possible to achieve a positive result.
При обустройстве системы "плавающего" пола лучше use plastic wrap. Filling the floor screed with concrete must be accompanied by pre-laying the reinforcement cage. For this it is best to prepare a grid with square cells with a side of 100 or 150 mm. The diameter of the rods should be equal to 5 mm.
Recommendations for reinforcement
If the future floor will be exposed to intenseloads, for example, trucks will drive it, then instead of the mesh, reinforcement cage should be laid. To do this, stock the rods, the diameter of which can vary from 8 to 16 mm. The armature is connected manually or with a special gun. For the device of a concrete floor, on the surface of which there will be a high dynamic load, a solution is used, to the components of which a steel fiber is added. It replaces the armature and is triggered in tension.
Pouring solution
Fill the screed floor mustaccompanied by alignment. The tracks between the slats should be filled by moving to the doorway. To level the solution, you need to use a rule or a half-match. If it is necessary to arrange a multi-level tie, plywood formwork is additionally installed, due to which the solution will not flow into the neighboring area. At the highest point, the screed layer should be 2 cm thick, otherwise the surface will be covered with cracks, but this parameter should not be made larger than 8 cm, since the load on the foundation will be unjustified. The most suitable option is 5 cm, for the arrangement of such a floor should be prepared concrete brand "M300" or higher.
Arrangement of a warm floor under a cement screed
Such a system is usually mounted on the oldto the basis over which thermal insulation is covered, as which the foil or penoflon can act. The presence of this layer is necessary, otherwise the heat will go down. The next step is to lay the water piping, heating mats or cable. On the high strength of this design is no question. Therefore, holes must be made on every square meter of thermal insulation.
Along the perimeter of the area where the device is madewarm floor, you must leave 15 cm of free space. This will allow the upper screed to lean on the lower layer, which is especially important for small spaces. Fill the screed floor heating is carried out taking into account the formation of a concrete layer of 5 cm. This will provide a quick warm-up after the system is turned on. If there are circumstances that make the screed less than 3 cm, then a universal plasticizer should be added to the solution. For 100 kg of dry mix you will need 1 liter of supplement. Alternatively, you can use a self-leveling compound that has a higher resilience to fill the floor.
Technology laying a warm floor under the screed
Fill the floor screed (the price of the work will be mentionedbelow) quite often made by home craftsmen themselves, since these works are not very complex. Insulation should be laid on the draft screed, which is reinforced with glue or tape. Next comes the metal mesh, which is useful for marking, and for laying the pipeline. The grid should also be fixed to the base. A damper belt is drawn along the perimeter of the section, which will level the linear expansion coefficient. Next is the installation of the elements of the heated floor around the perimeter of the site, they should be connected to the coolant supply system.
If you know the cost of pouring floor screed,the price did not suit you, then you should do the work yourself. Moreover, the technology is quite simple. So, at the next stage, you can make the final screed floor, after drying which the masters begin to lay the finish coating.
Recommended proportions
If the floor screed is filled by youindependently, first you need to familiarize yourself with the ratio of materials. The optimum proportion of years tested is the use of a part of cement and three parts of sand. At the same time for this ratio will need two parts of water. You can use other options where a part of the sand is added to a piece of cement, you can use the 1: 2 ratio. However, in this case, though you will improve the strength of the floor, but you will lose in quality. The solution after the installation will grab quickly, and leveling it will be quite problematic. If you increase the volume of sand or water, it will cause a decrease in strength and quality.
Cost of work
Fill the screed floor, the price of which is 400rub. per square meter, can be made by experts. Installation of self-leveling floors is cheaper - you will have to pay 300 rubles per square meter. The highest price you pay for the device of the national team dry couplers - 450 rubles. per square meter.
