Useful area of the attic in the country or in the houseit would be foolish not to use. The room will be less than on the ground floor, but you can play the attic compositionally in different ways. If the roof is one-pitched, the attic is unlikely to work, you need a full-fledged second floor. A gable roof with a ridge on the center will make a room about half the size of the first floor of the house.
In general, the construction of mansard roofs is possible withthe width of the first floor is not less than 5 m. And the angle formed by the roof slope and the overlap should be within 40º - 55º. A variant is possible, when the attic space goes beyond the first floor. Then, reliance is placed on the remote consoles in the ceiling and the columns to which the weight of the projecting part of the attic is distributed. Downstairs make a glazed or open veranda.
Often the side walls in the attic are beveled.This leads to the desire to increase the useful area of the room. But there is an opportunity to make a room with vertical side walls, without reducing space. This device is a broken roof mansard. It turns out to be a four-slope, the slopes are located one above the other. The angle forming the upper rays is blunt. Here the device of the roof truss system does not differ from the usual: racks resting on the joists, lateral and ridge rafters, the upper frame of the wall. The number of vertical beams is usually equal to the number of side rafters, but so that the distance between them is not more than 2 m.
The design of roof roofs assumes the insulation of the floors, similar to the insulation of the walls of living quarters. The multi-layered roof pie looks like this:
- roof covering (for the attic it is desirable to use tile);
- external crate (counter-rack);
- a vapor-permeable membrane;
- rafters (between them the heater is laid);
- vapor barrier material;
- rack crate;
- trim.
Attic floor (ceiling of the first floor) has the same structure with the only difference that the insulation is placed between the bars forming mauerlat and no roof covering.
The first operation with which the device beginsmansard roofs - this is the assembly of the rafter system. Used a bar with a section of 100 × 100 mm, impregnated with antiseptic composition. Pre-packed waterproofing. In this capacity, a roofing material can be used. Then the under-frame frame is assembled, vertical stands, Mauerlat are installed on it (a grid of lumber, which is the support and base for the side rafters). The beams of the Mauerlat are laid with a small indent from the outer wall of the house. Attached to the wall by brackets or bolts.
Now the side rafters are installed.For them, the same bar is used, only it is desirable to choose with a minimum number of knots. Where the project provides for windows, the rafters are stitched together with two bars, which will serve as the basis for the window.
The construction of roof skylights is completed with the installation of a ridge beam and the laying of the above mentioned multilayer roof pie. In principle, the installation process is simple, if everything is done by technology.
