Fruit culture such as plum finds itsplace on any household plot. If you choose the right variety, then it can be grown in many regions of our country. Breeders have created a huge number of winter-hardy species and hybrids, which are zoned to the conditions of long frosts. The plum is red, yellow and its other varieties - the culture is relatively skoroplodnoy, so a few years after planting a gardener can get his first significant harvest.
general information
A variety of varieties that produce fruits of differentstaining and having different ripening terms, as well as easy care, made this tree one of the most common crops in suburban areas. For gardens in central Russia, according to experts, red plum is best suited. Description of varieties, their growing conditions and care are presented in this article. Plum is considered one of the most common fruit trees in our country. It is grown as often as an apple, pear, apricot, cherry.
Description of red plum varieties
The best choice for landing on the sitesThe middle band of our country is the plum red. Varieties of this species have a characteristic color. The most common of these is Chinese plum. It is more juicy and soft compared to other domestic varieties. "Red Ball" - the second name of the culture.
Another variety - “Mirabelle red” - has smalloval fruit. In the Central Black Earth region of our country, the “Soviet gentlemen” is very popular. This variety has a high yield and disease resistance.
Plum red "joy" has an average termaging Its fruits have a dark red color and sweet-sour, pleasant taste. Juicy pulp has also a skoroplodny grade with a small stone. In our gardens are also common varieties "Alenushka", "Lada", "souvenir of the East", "President", "General's", "candy" and many other actively cultivated varieties.
Taste qualities
Virtually all types of red plums are smooth.thin skin. They are used both in fresh form and in blanks. Depending on the variety, red plum may have a sweet or sour taste. One hundred grams of fruit contains about forty-six kcal. Red plum has about eighty percent of water in its composition, eleven - carbohydrates, mono- and disaccharides, and the rest is vitamins, fiber and trace elements. By the content of potassium, iron and folic acid, this fruit is superior to many equally popular garden crops.
Mature fruits differ primarily in color.peel. Due to its unique chemical composition, red plum has excellent dietary and even healing properties. Its regular use in food leads to the normalization of the gastrointestinal tract, the rapid elimination of excess salt and water from the body.
"Red Ball": a description of the variety
The first plum tree appeared in Western Asia.It was here that cherry plum and turn were spontaneously crossed. Chinese plum is very popular in the gardens of the Moscow region, thanks to its taste and versatility. It is possible and processed, and consumed fresh. The main advantage, due to which this red plum has become so widespread, is a small increase. If other varieties can grow up to fifteen meters, then the low “Chinese woman” is very convenient in terms of harvest. Its tree grows to a maximum of two and a half meters, has sprawling branches and not too dense crown.
Tastes of the fruit of the "red ball"Experts estimate at four out of five possible points. Its fruits cling very tightly to the branches, sometimes even hiding the leaves. This feature of the culture leads to its high yield. With the observance of agrotechnical norms, one tree of “Chinese plum” can give up to eighteen kilograms of tasty fruits. Variety ripening is precocious. The fact is that this plum blooms before the others. And because by August you can harvest.
Description of the "fast" plum
This is another very popular in our country.the variety was bred by Chinese breeders. With proper compliance with the cultivation of the cultivation of the early-stage red plum, it brings an excellent harvest. She has a low tree with a spherical spherical crown. The fruits have the correct form of the ball. They have a fragrant sweet taste and bright orange flesh. The advantages of this variety are relatively long shelf life - up to twenty-five days, winter hardiness, unpretentiousness and low susceptibility of pests and diseases.
Nutritional value of the variety "Alenushka"
This red plum gives perfectly round fruitforms. "Alenushka" is a medium-height tree with a spherical crown. The variety is not demanding to care, so it is recommended for growing novice gardeners. Even a person far from gardening will be able to get a good harvest of tasty berries.
Plum "Alenushka" refers to the number of fruitlow calorie crops. One hundred grams of the pulp of its fruit contains on average only forty-nine kilocalories. It is great for both canning and fresh consumption. However, housewives should remember that its energy value in dried form increases significantly - up to 240 kcal.
Plum pulp varieties "Alenushka" with regulareating reduces the level of acidity in the body, so the variety is very useful for gastritis or heartburn. Doctors recommend eating it and hypertensive patients, as she is struggling well with high blood pressure.
General information about the "general" plum
Этот сорт хорошо прижился в клипатических conditions of the middle zone of our country and even beyond the Urals. “General's” red plum is considered one of the most delicious fruits ripening in summer. Its fruits can be consumed fresh or canned. The tree of this variety perfectly tolerates frost. Culture is pollinated. It is best to plant it near the "Ural" red plum.
Именно отличные вкусовые качества и послужили the reason for such an original name of the variety. The fruits of the “general's” plum are rather large in size and have soft, tender flesh. They make incredibly tasty jams, compotes and jams. The tree is characterized by low growth and ability to resist frost. The weight of one fruit can reach up to forty-fifty grams. This plum blossoms at the end of May for three weeks. The first crop yields in the fourth year after planting. Depending on the growing region, fruits can be colored in various colors, ranging from salmon to bright red. It tastes soft-sweet with a sour note. They contain almost all the vitamins C group, a lot of calcium, iron and manganese. One hundred grams of the pulp of this fruit contains the daily rate of a trace element such as zinc.
"Japanese" plum
Данный сорт отличает декоративность и высокая yield In general, the red "Japanese" plum is undemanding in care. The variety is frost resistant and is able to bear fruit well even with minimal observance of the rules of cultivation. Today it is commonly found in Russian gardens. In addition, the culture is widely used and landscape designers, because it is growing rapidly.
The discoverer of the variety was Luther Burbank,which is also called "American Michurin". It was he who at the beginning of the twentieth century introduced many native species of plum to the USA from the Far East and from Japan. Having carried out selection works with them, having crossed them with other varieties and cherry plum, he got quite interesting hybrids.
The leaves of the "Japanese" plum elongated, moresimilar to peach. The variety has light shoots, on which large buds appear on thick pads. This plum is unusually fast-growing: the next year after planting, it produces a crop. Fruits are round, red, on short stalks. The pulp is practically not separated from the bones. By weight, its fruits are considered the largest in the world. In addition, they are incredibly tasty. In addition to the fast and large fruits, the “Japanese” plum is distinguished by regular and abundant fruiting. The tree necessarily needs annual cyclic pruning so that the crown can rejuvenate.
"Kuban" plum: general characteristics
The variety is distinguished by precocity.Fruits are medium sized and bright red. "Kuban" plum was withdrawn in the eighties of the last century. Due to its taste characteristics, it is very popular among Russian gardeners. The grade is distinguished by fast growth. The first harvest can be obtained already in the fourth year after grafting. The fruits are quite large. When complying with all norms of agricultural engineering, they can be up to forty grams in weight. The skin of the plum fruit of this variety is strong, but thin, and the flesh is colored in a juicy yellowish color.
"Splayed"
This plum can be attributed to the bushes.The variety has excellent decorative properties; therefore, in many personal plots, “spread out” plum is an element of decoration in landscape design. When choosing this variety, it should be remembered that even in the conditions of central Russia, a tree can freeze in winter. As a result, it will die or, at best, will restore its green mass for decades. Therefore, even despite its good taste, this red plum is more used for decorating gardens.
Krasnoselskaya
It is the result of Chinese selection.The variety is great for growing in the conditions of the Siberian or Far Eastern climate. Externally, the Krasnoselskaya plum is a low-growing tree with a sprawling crown, on which, during the fruiting period, completely round red fruits are small in size. With proper care, even a novice gardener can get a bountiful harvest. The fruits of this variety are in the weight of about twenty grams, they are practically absent seam. The skin is red, smooth, and the pulp is fibrous, yellow.
Sugariness of this plum is high with an averagearoma and low acidity. The flowering time of this variety is average, and ripening - later. The tree bears fruit only in the fourth year. The variety is partially self-fertile with high yield and medium drought tolerance.
