Лестница – неотъемлемый атрибут любого дома.It is unlikely that you will meet even a one-story building that does not have a staircase. Although it can be not only part of the house, but also an independent element. After all, the ladder, the meaning of the word, implies a process, when literally through something or somewhere they climb. Surely everyone at the dacha, and at home, too, will have a stepladder. The design can be both a purely functional element of the building, and an interior decoration that emphasizes its style orientation.
What is a ladder
A staircase is a special part of a building thatprovides an opportunity to move between different floors in one building, enter it when it is at a level above the ground. They can be both outside the building and inside. Can be transitions between different parts of buildings or in general buildings. They can consist of one or several spans or marches. Thus, it becomes clear that the lexical meaning of the word ladder is a structure consisting of a number of steps, a crossbar, which helps to climb or descend from the floor to the floor.
Марш – составная часть лестницы, которая состоит from a certain number of steps in a continuous series. They are attached to inclined beams. Wooden beams are called strings, and iron beams are called struts. Made of different materials. That part of the stage that we are on is called the tread. And located between them - podstupenka. That is, the ladder - this is where you climb, climb on something, through something.
Kinds
They can have a different bias, which willdepend on their purpose, the features of the layout of the house, the material, the style direction and so on. In the article you can see examples of stairs, photo designs from different materials:
The external appearance directly depends on the design features, design features. They can be of the following types:
- Маршевая лестница – это самый распространенный option. If you do not need to save space and space, the march will be the best choice. Its name indicates that such a construction consists of marches, which, in turn, are composed of a minimum of three, and a maximum of fifteen steps. If you take more steps, it will be difficult to climb. Typically, the number of steps in such stairs is ten to eleven, which, in turn, are open or closed.
- Spiral staircase is the best waysave space. Similar options are set up where there is simply not enough room for straight lines. Of course, the spiral staircase is less convenient for lifting and descending, but, in addition to saving space, are interior decor.
- On the pains. It is a ladder in modern stylistics, looks airy, light. The structure seems to be suspended on special mounts - bolts.
What shape and design should I choose
A ladder is not only a necessity,functionality, style and element of the interior, its design must match the room. The type and shape of the staircase is selected based on its purpose (at the entrance to the house, the entrance, between the floors, in the private house), the size of the available space.
For example, if there is very little space for it, you needwill choose the screw. By the way, it is not only twisted in a spiral, round, but also four-, octagonal and so on. It can be arc, in the form of an ellipse, mounted in small parts or large modules. The smaller the room, the more difficult it will be to install large parts.
What material do
Stairway to the floor inside the privateat home, is often screwed, as it saves space. Perform it, as a rule, made of wood. It is malleable, easy to process material, because the shape from it can create any that you like, decorate it with carvings and other elements of decor. You can install it both at the wall and in the middle of the room.
Materials for the manufacture of stairs chooseDurable, such that they withstand loads well, are wear-resistant. Particular attention is paid to the material from which the steps are made. After all, they are the main part of the load. They can be made of metal, glass, stone, wood, you can use an artificial stone based on concrete. For example, an excellent interior solution will be a staircase in the house, the photo of which you see below.
Advantages and disadvantages of materials
Ladders can be made of the same materialand can be combined. Keep in mind that glass steps may turn yellow with time. Also, do not choose a pine for the stairs, as this is too soft wood and is easily damaged. Teak, walnut, ash and some other hard rock will be preferable. They are not susceptible to excessive moisture and mechanical damage.
Metal stairs - the most durable, not longdamaged, not deformed. From chrome steel - will serve for about five years, but the brass will definitely darken. For a stone staircase to serve for a long time, choose granite and other solid natural stone. The construction of natural marble, unfortunately, will serve in its original form for no more than two years, after which traces of wiping material will become clearly visible on the steps.
Metal with steps from a tree - further in a picture.
Wooden with elegant railings - such can often be found in private mansions.
How to choose a ladder for a private house
Companies involved in the design and installation of stairs in the house offer a huge selection of them. And in order not to get confused, you need to rely on some criteria when choosing.
If you have children in your home, the bestopt for the version of the march ladder. She is safer than the rest. You can make it straight or with turns and platforms on them. But keep in mind that this design of the staircase takes up a lot of space. Inside the house it can be made of wood, outside - from the material that fits the rest of the building.
To save space, you can use screw or bolts, they can be made from different materials, including their combinations, as well as in different style directions. For example, in the high-tech style.
The main criteria when choosing a ladder
The choice of stairs depends on many factors:the purpose of the building, the number of floors, layout, and so on. If the house is private, the age category of people living in it is also taken into account. The materials from which the rest of the house is built also matter.
If the house has a small area, you need to do ona staircase is one platform between marches, the size of which should preferably be at least the width of the flight of steps. The width of the steps should be so. So that it could fit freely and pass without interference, two people moving towards each other. And the steps should be no higher than twenty centimeters, otherwise the ascent along the stairs will be too steep, its maximum inclination is a right angle.
