The science of reproduction has come a long way.Now the desire to have a child became quite real and possible for most couples who, due to the presence of certain diseases, could not conceive naturally. Despite the popularity of the program of in vitro fertilization, there are a number of other, no less effective ways.
What is AI
Under the abbreviation of AI there is such a concept,as artificial insemination. The essence of the process is the introduction of semen into the uterine cavity for the purpose of fertilization of the egg. The seminal fluid enters through a special catheter. Thus, all the sperm is directly adjacent to the cervical cervix, which increases the chances of getting pregnant naturally.
Unlike IVF, the egg remains in the femaleorganism, it is not extracted and fertilized beforehand. Therefore, this approach is considered more acceptable for those couples who have just encountered problems of conception.
Indications for insemination
If a woman is diagnosed with one of theof the diagnoses described below, this serves as an indication for an intrauterine insemination procedure. Feedback from couples facing the need for AI suggest that thanks to the development of medicine, even such diseases can not become an obstacle to the birth of healthy offspring.
The main indications for artificial insemination:
- Chronic endometritis and endocervicitis, vaginismus.
- Endometriosis in mild degree.
- Allergic reaction to the partner's sperm.
- Increased viscosity of cervical mucus, the presence of antispermic bodies.
- Anovulation.
- Infertility of unknown type.
If the couple is preparing for insemination for the first time,reviews of positive results allow you to tune in to success and not be upset if it does not work out the first time. When using donor sperm, the pair should know that its use is possible only after cryopreservation.
Contraindications
The procedure of artificial insemination is contraindicated in the presence of one of the following conditions:
- Women over 40 years (due to the fact that the positive result is extremely small, about 5-10%).
- In the presence of inflammatory processes (in the acute stage), sexual infections.
- Unexplained bleeding from the female genital tract.
- Malformations of the pelvic organs, especially the body of the uterus (as it may be an obstacle to pregnancy), obstruction of the fallopian tubes or their absence.
- Malignant neoplasms, cancer diagnosis.
- In the presence of hyperstimulation of the ovaries.
- Unsuccessful attempts at artificial insemination in previous cycles (this item refers to those women who have been using AI for more than three months).
- Mental disorders.
Obstruction for artificial inseminationcan also serve as endometriosis, which occurs in severe form, prolonged infertility (more than three years of unsuccessful attempts to conceive a child naturally).
Types of insemination
For insemination can be taken seminal fluid spouse or donor. In this case, donor sperm, as a rule, undergoes training, and only qualitative material is selected.
Indication for semen use, notbelonging to the husband: hereditary or genetic diseases in the partner, positive HIV status, incompatibility by Rh factor, 0% of active sperm cells. In some cases, a woman wants to have a child without being in a registered relationship with any man.
According to the method of insemination are distinguished:
- Intrauterine.
- In the follicle of the ovary.
- In the fallopian tubes.
- Inside the vagina.
- In the area of the throat of the cervix.
In practice, they try to resort tointrauterine insemination. Reviews show that this is the most effective and successful way of conception. The remaining methods are used less frequently, according to the testimony of a doctor.
How to prepare a woman
Before the doctor starts the procedure of insemination, the woman must undergo training and pass a series of tests:
- Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.
- Taking a smear on the vaginal microflora and urethra.
- Blood tests, including clotting, latent infections, HIV, hepatitis C and B, syphilis, determination of the Rh factor (it also surrenders as a partner).
Также проводится общий гинекологический осмотр.The therapist takes the conclusion that a woman can endure a pregnancy without complications, and there are no obstacles to the occurrence of pregnancy. Additionally, it may be necessary to take a biopsy of the endometrium of the uterus, cytology tests, a tubal patency test and others.
What should know a man before the procedure of insemination
It is important to understand what is the basis forpreparation for the insemination procedure. The reviews of many men agree that they often have little idea of their role in this process. First you need to determine what serves as an indication for conducting AI for men:
- Sedentary sperm.
- Disorders in the sexual sphere.
- Insufficient semen volume.
- Abnormalities in the development of the urethra.
- Congenital defects associated with abnormal structure of the genital organs, which prevent the natural sexual intercourse.
- The period after chemotherapy and vasectomy.
- Retrograde ejaculation, in which sperm enters the bladder.
The man before preparing for insemination reviewsusually gathers among friends or on the Internet. However, the recommendations of the physician should be perceived as fundamental to the success of the procedure. As a rule, this list consists of much less impressive research:
- Analyzes for the presence of genital infections, spermogram.
- Consultation of the andrologist, therapist, if the age is over 35, then also genetics.
How is it going
There are two options for the procedure:at home and in the clinic. Judging by the reviews, insemination in native walls takes place in a more comfortable environment, partners can carry out the necessary manipulations in a romantic atmosphere. However, at home all the procedures will have to be carried out by the spouse or partner; all manipulations must be neat and safe for the woman. Insemination tools are sold in special sterile bags in the medical departments. Judging by the reviews, who did the insemination at home, they say that successful conception does not depend much on where the procedure was carried out.
In order for fertilization to be successful, the day of the onset of ovulation is chosen. You can track it using special tests, keeping a schedule of basal temperature, folliculometry.
If the procedure is performed by a doctor in the clinic, thenthe partner gives the seminal fluid on the day of treatment. A woman at this time is undergoing ultrasound diagnostics in order to establish the fact of ovulation. The seminal fluid is collected in the syringe, instead of a needle a plastic tip is installed (when the semen is introduced into the cervical area) or, if the procedure of insemination is intrauterine, then the catheter.
In order to avoid leakage of semen, a cap is put on the cervix, it is recommended to lie down for half an hour, and only then the woman is allowed to stand up.
What to do after insemination
Those who have turned into insemination, in a review agree on the need to adhere to the doctor's instructions. Observe them is easy, but in case of neglect, you can pay a failed attempt.
Within three days after the procedure it is importantobserve sexual peace, do not lift heavy objects and do not engage in heavy physical labor. Do not take a bath on the day of insemination. In the reviews, who succeeded the first time, this is explained by the fact that the soap solution can get inside the vagina and lead to the death of part of the active spermatozoa. Instead, you can take a shower, as long as the water is not too hot. It is strictly forbidden to take any drugs without consulting a doctor, drink alcohol, smoke.
It is recommended to be more often in the fresh air and sunbathe, but in hot weather you should avoid a long stay in the sun, especially during rush hour.
Reviews
Many are interested in reviews after insemination, aspositive and negative. Doctors cite statistics that after AI the spouse’s sperm probability of conception and pregnancy is about 15%, donor - up to 30%. In this case, the probability of becoming pregnant with twins or triplets is the same as with natural sexual intercourse.
In some cases, women who are afraidthe painfulness of the procedure, asking about how unpleasant insemination is, what is felt during it. In the feedback of the patient who has already passed it, they say that there are almost no discomfort. The only thing is that if intrauterine insemination is carried out, the woman may feel slight nagging pains, but as soon as everything ends, they immediately pass.
Doctors recommend not to worry if afterfirst attempt there is no result, to increase the chances it is possible to resort to stimulation of ovulation. According to the reviews of women themselves, despite the risk of getting better, a properly selected hormone regimen minimizes the risks of side effects.
