Давайте сегодня ненадолго представим, что мы дети.What do we remember first of all from our childhood? Well, of course, a favorite toy. A toy is not only a subject of the game, but also an object of development for all kinds of child's activities. It does not have to be bright and clear, the toy may be plain, but at the same time the most beloved. For example, one child is very expensive toy, inherited from his mother (father, grandmother or grandfather, etc.), and another child is interested in more modern types of toys, all kinds of singing, dancing dolls, driving, flying cars and airplanes, shooting soldiers, etc.
Child development is impossible without toys.They help to reveal his life potential, emotions, feelings. In the game, toys help to adapt to the surrounding reality, to know the world and yourself.
Sometimes you can see such a picture.The child has an entire room littered with toys, but he shows no interest in them. Why all? Because the toys must be selected taking into account the interest and age of the child.
Small children often like to copyhabits of an adult. Therefore, more preference is given in the game to household appliances, dishes, etc. After all, if you watch a child for a long time, you will notice that it is more interesting for him to play, for example, with a jar, throwing beans there, or with a colander, inserting sticks into the holes, than with the same sorter or different types of houses.
Therefore, the choice of toys must be approached morethoroughly. If, for example, a one-year-old baby does not move away from the drum day by day and does not know how to play pyramids, ringbros, cars, dolls, then one should think about his psycho-emotional behavior. And, accordingly, he will lag far behind his peers in development.
each age of the child has its own nuances. Let us try to consider in more detail what kind of toys are necessary for children at each age and in a life situation.
From birth to month, the baby is bigspends part of his time in a dream, and is adapting to the world around him. Starting from 1-3 months. It is necessary to develop visual, auditory perception. During this period, the child with interest examines the faces of adults, drawings on the wallpaper, walls. For a more interesting development, you can stick on the walls various types of geometric shapes, thematic cards. It is useful to conduct daily exercises for the eyes. Leading a toy in front of your eyes, observe that the infant focuses his gaze on it.
For the development of hand motor skills, it is necessary to put a rattle in the baby’s palm. The child will feel the object and reflexively compress it.
From 3–6 months the child needs to expand its living space.Relocate it either on the carpet or in the playpen. During this period, you can use different types of play mats, squeaking and ringing toys, various plastic and rubber figures. Musical toys and books are of great interest to the child. After all, it is so interesting to press a button, and from there comes a sound. These toys contribute to the development of visual, auditory, tactile perception and directly physical activity.
From 6–9 months motor activity increases,accordingly, the curiosity of the infant increases. He is interested in all kinds of wind-up machines, baby dolls, books with vivid pictures, small-sized soft toys, musical instruments and posters. In no case should parents restrain his physical activity, but, on the contrary, his interest in subjects should be developed.
9-12 months интерес и любознательность ребенка повышаются все more. At this age, you can include in the game a puppet theater show (these are simple fairy tales "Teremok", "Turnip", "Hen-Ryaba", "Gingerbread Man") and poteshki games ("Ladies", "Forty Thief", etc. .). It is necessary that the child had various cubes, rings, pyramids. These types of toys develop intelligence, allow the child to accumulate a certain experience. The child during this period likes to break everything, to disassemble. So he can understand the changes in space, size, shape of toys. The main rule for parents of a baby at this age is not to buy toys with small details and unintelligible.
For 2 year old children Any toys from which you canbuild (cubes, constructors). Bright balls, big cars, dolls. If a year ago the child could not play independently on certain plots, then already during this period the plot appears in almost every game. Girls start to imitate mothers, grandmothers by rocking a doll, cooking food, stroking, etc., the boys, in turn, imitate dads, grandparents, repairing a car, build, repair, etc.
By three years дети берут на себя какую-нибудь роль.The game activity is expanding. Children begin to pretend to be doctors, cooks, salespeople, hairdressers, policemen, etc. By expanding the horizons of the child, respectively, it is necessary to expand the objects of his games. Additional attributes become necessary for the child: furniture for the kitchen, garages for cars, tools for builders, dishes for dolls, etc. The desire of the child to imitate his actions to adults speaks about the new stage in the development of emotions and social adaptation of children.
From the foregoing, it can be concluded that children between the ages of 1-3 years prefer most toys-animals, household toys, dolls and cars, developing movements.
