Typical CNC Machining CenterIt is a multi-axis equipment of complex design, in which control is carried out by means of two controllers: responsible for the coordinates of the axes and the main one that directly executes the PLC program.
Multi-axis capabilities
Обрабатывающий центр по металлу с ЧПУ способен carry out simultaneous processing of parts from different sides. Production speed is halved, profitability increases, and, accordingly, labor costs are reduced at the same cost of the product for the consumer. Complicated machines can carry out both turning and milling.
CNC machining center chooseaccording to the technical task, which consists of dozens of workers. It takes into account the ability of the machine to load, unload parts in automatic mode, type of processing, cooling. Also taken into account is the type of material of the workpiece and the rigidity of the machine.
CNC machining center may haveinterfaces for sending reports to the upper level, the ability to create programs in a single enterprise environment, and also takes into account how the workpiece is held. So, for long parts, the counter spindle is installed, and wide products are clamped into special cams.
Do not forget about the supply of parts in the machine.This may be a coordinate robot or a feeder for special rods. Often choose under the multi-purpose turning and milling work version of the equipment with mounting tables, which are installed universal mounting base.
Classification
CNC Universal Machining Centersmetal is divided by the level of complexity, by the presence of the counter spindle assembly. A drive center or an additional axis may also be added for making hard-to-reach notches, grooves, or openings. Multi-axis systems are equipped with complete software for designing parts and creating machine codes.
Turning and milling works are carried out at highintensity, and any, even a small oversight of the operator can become the cause of long equipment downtime. The fitters are required to undergo training before performing the simplest cutting cycles. All computational operations are performed by the machine itself, but there are locks that service personnel are entitled to remove during the changeover.
Tool
CNC machines for metal are often equippedshops for tools. Each cell is calibrated before executing the program using cutting technology. Computing centers are independently capable of inserting the required tool into the spindle assembly. The sequence of the shift sets the adjuster. Shops can contain 20, 40 and more positions for each type of processing parts.
The tool magazine is supplied with its owncontroller, facilitating ways to withdraw from emergency situations. For turning, the equipment is equipped with turrets with several positions for cutting tools. The change of the latter occurs by rotating the disk of the head.
Difference from ordinary cars
Machine with numerical controlIt works in multi-channel mode: several tools, the shop itself, pallets of unloading and loading are simultaneously moving. Such an organization can make the whole process continuous. One center can replace up to 5 conventional CNC machines due to its performance.
Replaceability of several machines for one powerfulthe machine can be beneficial in terms of space savings in the office space, reducing the number of employees. After all, a complex machine can be serviced by one worker. The power tool on turrets comes into rotation from a single engine thanks to precise mechanics. This simplifies the design of the machine and helps to perform a huge number of operations in one area.
Types of work on machine complexes
The whole chain of operations is replaced by a set of commands.one machining center. On the simplest machines, it is sometimes impossible to perform certain types of work with high precision. Such works include milling parts from worm gears. It will also be difficult to carry out the crankshaft recess.
Not less difficult to processgear parts. Due to several interceptions, the complete processing of the part from all sides is carried out. Counter spindles are used when turning parts more than 30 mm, which helps to eliminate tool beating and the appearance of waves on cylindrical surfaces.
Application
One machining center can replace allequipment installed in the process chain. The versatility of its use allows us to achieve higher productivity in furniture enterprises, in sheet bending shops, the defense industry and in the automotive industry. Often machining centers are required in body production when frequent readjustment to small series of parts is necessary.
Вся конструкция станка размещается на одной welded frame with a huge weight. Balancing is carried out by several jacks. Adjustment of accuracy is made at the installation stage. At the stage of putting the machine into production, the state of each axis is evaluated. The straightness deviation does not exceed 0.02 microns, which allows producing parts even for the aviation industry. At all stages of work, the position of the tool is always monitored by position sensors.
