To date, many areas of productionuse technology such as plastic molding. Today it is one of the materials most commonly used in production and in everyday life. Processing and shaping of plastic parts is carried out with the help of special equipment, one of which is a hydraulic press for plastics.
Hydraulic Press
One of the devices for this taskbecame a hydraulic press for molding plastic. This equipment consists of several key elements. Among them are the cylinders of the device in which the liquid is located. Two substances, water or oil, can be used as a liquid. Another important element in the whole construction is the plunger. It ensures the operability of the entire device when processing the raw materials. However, the work of this part is also regulated and directly depends on the pumps. In the hydraulic press for casting, these pumps are fluid pressure coordinators in the cylinders.
Press structure
In addition to the above objects, the constructionThis machine includes two valves. One of them performs a suction function, the other is an injection pump. It is through the operation of these valves in the press for plastic casting that fluid is transferred from one cylinder to another. If we talk about plungers, there are also two. The principle of operation of this device, in principle, is simple.
One of the two plungers carries out the processdistillation of liquid from one cylinder of a hydraulic press for casting plastic to another. Distillation of the substance is carried out through a special pipeline. After the liquid is in the second cylinder, a second plunger enters the work. Also during the distillation of the substance, that is, when the first plunger is running, only a discharge pump works inside the machine. It closes only when the return stroke is made by the first plunger. During the closing of the discharge pump, a second suction opening opens, with which the plastic injection materials enter the second cylinder.
Press parameters
It is important to note that in the hydraulic machine aloneof the pumps is the main, and the second auxiliary. The main pump of the device provides the desired pressure, which is about 300 kills per square centimeter. The second element is considered auxiliary and is designed to perform a function such as, for example, idling the plunger. The pressure produced by the second pump in the plastic injection molding machine is approximately 15 kilograms per square centimeter. The main purpose of such an auxiliary device is to save electricity.
Drive types
At present, hydraulic devices canbe classified in different classes, depending on the type of drive they have. These machines can be equipped with a group drive that drives several machines at a time. And can be installed and individual drive, which works exclusively with one installation. The first class of devices is most often used in large-scale industrial production, where many plastic injection molding machines are installed. The second type is established by smaller enterprises, whose volumes are more modest.
It is important to note that at presenthydraulic presses are fully automated machines that function independently and do not require the use of manual labor. More often than not, one operator is quite capable of working on a hydraulic press. The duties of this employee is only to monitor the level of pressure in the machine, as well as to monitor the progress of all necessary operations for casting plastic.
It is worth adding that the main indicatorsThe hydraulic press should only include the nominal force that the machine can apply. Most often this figure is 1 thousand kN. The price of a press for casting plastic of hydraulic type for today is in average ranges: from 250 000 thousand rubles to 4 000 000.
Equipment for the production of plastics
Hydraulic press is not the only equipment that is suitable for the production of plastic products. Apparatus for molding plastic is pretty much. The main ones are the following:
- vacuum molding equipment;
- threading equipment for plastic / plastic products;
- thermoplastic automatic machine;
- molding machines for thermoplastics;
- equipment designed for the production of plastic packaging.
On the territory of the Russian Federation, manymachine-building companies and factories that manufacture and sell such equipment. However, at some enterprises the equipment is idle. But it can be repaired and modernized for these purposes. The plus is that it is much cheaper to purchase such a product than a completely new one.
Raw materials
With plastic and plastic materialthe situation is not the best. The thing is that regardless of the quality of the equipment, the manufacturer will not be able to obtain plastic and plastic of the same quality, even if using the same raw materials, but from different manufacturers. In order to move from one raw material to another, it will be necessary to reconfigure all the equipment, as well as refine the new technology. This is costly both in time and in material resources. The simplest way out in this situation will be the acquisition of the initial material from the same supplier.
Syringe and hand press
Syringe press for molding plastic (orsyringe-stove) is suitable for casting smaller plastic parts. As a raw material for casting, you can use capron, polyethylene, polystyrene in granules or already finished products. It is important to note that before drying the plastic with a syringe press, it is necessary to dry all materials in the drying cabinet. The drying temperature should be between 80 and 90 degrees Celsius. It can be noted that the installation of this stove should be carried out on a foundation of an arbitrary type, but with a forward gradient of 10 degrees. This is necessary to ensure that the molten mass can drain into a container located in the front of the cylinder of the unit.
It is also worth noting that the use of manualthe press for casting plastic is quite possible. But the details made by hand are distinguished by the fact that their service life is much less than for parts manufactured at large industrial enterprises. Also, in order to independently use a press to cast a part from plastic, you will have to buy or independently produce a mold for casting the part.
Thus, you need to choose between buying expensive equipment or proceeding to independent production. The choice depends on the volume and quality of the materials produced.
