Turkeys, in fact, are a form of poultry. To breed this animal on a country site or on a farm, of course, quite profitable. In some cases broiler turkey can reach a weight of 25 kg. To grow such a bird relatively easy. However entrepreneurwho decides to organize a farm of similar specialization, of course, should know and exactly comply with all required content technology turkeys.
Where to begin?
A successful farm for breeding turkeys will, of course, be only if the farmer initially succeeds in acquiring good healthy young animals. Of course, chicks can be bred independently.the incubator. However, experts still advise beginners in organizing a farm to purchase at the poultry farm not eggs, but youngsters. At the same time, it is better to buy not daily turkey poults, but ratherMr.s - two weeks or monthly. Such chicks are already warm enough and are immune to many diseases. And, therefore, the attack in the herd will not be too big.
The best breeds of broiler turkeys
When purchasing chicks, you should pay attention notonly on their age. Successful organized farm will only be subject to the correct choice of breed of turkeys. The selection of this bird in our country and abroad is carried out quite actively. There are a lot of broiler breeds of turkeys. At the same time, the most popular among farmers today are:
BIG-6.
Haveniversal.
Xand Don.
Bwhite wide-breasted.
White broiler turkeys BIG can reach a weight of 22-25 kg.At the same time they gain muscle mass rather quickly. Such bird reaches slaughter weight already at the age of 90 days. Plumage at BIG pure white. Only on the chest there is a small black spot.
The wagon was bred by our country breeders. Because this bird is very well adapted to the climatic conditions of Russia. By the time of slaughter such hybrids can reach a weight of 18 kg.
Crosses Xidon were bred in the Netherlands. The weight of a broiler turkey eof that breed can reach up to 20 kg. Such a hybrid body mass gains quickly. But he has one major drawback. In young stock, unfortunately, there is usually a very big lunge.
White wide-breasted turkey reaches a weight of 20-25 kg. The advantages of this breed include primarily the high taste qualities of meat. The disadvantage of this cross is the whimsical content and the propensity to disease.
Building a house
How should be kept on the farm broiler turkeys? Growing at home this bird is produced, tosurely only in the most suitable and convenient for her room. Barn anyway must exactly meet all necessary requirements. In the turkey without fail are envisaged:
good lighting;
ventilation;
heating.
Naturally, among other things, shouldcorrectly equip the house. It should be equipped with perches, nests, feeders and drinkers. It is recommended to make the floor in the turkey brook solid. Above ground level, it should be raised by about 20-25 centimeters. A thick bed of straw should be placed on top of the floor. Feeders for turkeys should be mounted on the wall at the level of the back of a bird. This will prevent the scattering and trampling of feed, and, therefore, will save the farmer from unnecessary costs. Drinkers in the shed are usually placed at the level of the turkeys neck.
The windows in the house are placed in such a way thatin the daytime the floors in it were lit throughout the square. Ventilation in the turkey complement the valve. This allows you to avoid overcooling birds in the winter time. Broiler turkey, in comparison with the usual one, according to most farmers, is a rather tender animal and does not have very good health.
Turkey feeding rules
The diet of broiler birds, of course, should be as balanced and high-calorie as possible. Only in this case will the turkeys gain weight quickly. 70% of the diet of the bird should be food containing a large amount of protein. This may be, for example, cereals or legumes. Especially turkeys are often given oats and buckwheat. Mandatory feed this bird and cake. It is believed that wheat germ is very useful for such agricultural animals.
Mineral and vitamin balance with the body a bird like broiler turkey, farmers usually support with meat and bone meal and fish oil. Of course, you should feed the livestock and green fodder. In summer, the birds are given cut grass, tops of carrots and radishes, lettuce and cabbage. In winter, turkeys should get silage and spruce needles.
Feeding time
Самую калорийную еду бройлерам обычно дают на night. In this case, the bird will gain weight faster. Bristles for turkeys are most often made only during the day. Feed the bird, of course, should always be at the same time.
What rules must be observed when keeping turkeys without fail
In order for the bird to feel as comfortable as possible in the barn and not to hurt, the owner of the backyard farm should take care of the following conditions:
nests in the shed should be placed in dark places;
perches are set at a height of approximately 70 cm from the floor level;
in the house should be installed pots with ashes;
water bowls and feeders should be cleaned regularly;
Broilers should be kept separate from any other agricultural poultry.
Before the barn for turkeys, it is desirable to do walking. But letting a bird out on the street for the whole day is, of course, not worth it. Otherwise, turkeys will not gain proper weight.
Reproduction
Many farmers are also interested in ways to increase the number of birds in the farm broiler turkeys. Breeding This living creature is a relatively difficult affair. TOlike chickens, offspring of turkey sneakers, Unfortunately, does not adopt its high productive qualitiesparents. It is possible to get good young from the eggs laid by the bird only if it is not a hybrid, but refers to some good meat breed.
Basically, get chicks in an incubatorcross-broiler alone is quite possible. But in this case, the eggs will have to buy at the poultry farm. They cost, of course, cheaper turkeys. But it is rather difficult to get chicks out of them without loss without proper experience.
Инкубироваться индюшиные яйца должны с точным observance of the put temperature and humidity conditions. The offspring of this bird is born about 26-29 days after being laid into the apparatus. Actually the incubation of turkey eggs itself is divided into four main periods. From the first to the eighth day, the temperature inside the apparatus should be 37.5-38 degrees, and humidity - 60-65%. Turn the eggs at this time at least six times a day.
The temperature and humidity parameters for the remaining three periods can be viewed in the table below.
Period | Temperature, degrees Celsius | Humidity | Coup |
9-14 days | 37.7-38 | 45-50% | 4-6 times |
15-25 | 37.5 | 65% | 4-6 times |
Hatching | 37 | 65-70% | - |
Starting from the 15th day, the eggs should be cooled for 10-15 minutes every day. Do not perform this procedure only during the hatching period.
Broiler turkeys: rearing
After the chicks hatch, they should be placed in boxes or specialbrooder and provide them around the clock coverage. This will reduce the possible lunge to a minimum. A day after hatching, the lamp in the box or brooder can be turned off for half an hour. Then the lighting time is reduced by another 30 minutes every day.
Laying in turkey poults should be changed aspollution. Food and drink in a box or brooder in chicks should be constantly present. At first, the young stock should be fed with a special “Start” mixture. You can also offer chopped egg and cottage cheese to chicks. The first three days of turkey poured water is not raw water, but green tea.
Possible diseases
Broiler turkeys, photo which are presented in the article, as already mentioned, especially good health, unfortunately, do not differ. This bird can get sickovolno easy. That is why it is so important to exactly follow all the necessary rules. her content.
Most often broiler turkeys fall ill:
Tuberculosis. In this case, the bird behaves sluggishly and apathetically. Nodular lesions appear on the skin of turkeys. Feces become liquid.
Pox. This dangerous disease is primarily characterized by ruffled bird feathers and lowered wings. Later, characteristic smallpox spots appear on the skin of turkeys.
Mycoplasmosis. Caught this infection broiler turkey losinget vision. At the same time birds discharge from nose and eyes appears.
To treat diseases of broiler turkeys is very difficult. However, any infection can lead not only to a decrease in productivity, but also to the death of the bird and the loss of livestock.That is why the farm owner should be as careful as possible so that the turkeys do not overcool, eat substandard food and do not drink dirty water. If all technologies of keeping this bird are observed, the risk of any diseases in the herd can be almost completely reduced to zero.
