The official secret is strictly confidentialinformation access to which has a limited number of people. People who are necessary to it in the course of their professional activities, as well as persons exercising control over it, are admitted to it. Confidentiality is the prevention of disclosure or leakage of information, and is translated from English as "trust". If this condition is met, the documentation is preserved and its secrecy is respected, which makes it possible to protect business or government structures from interference by outside stakeholders.
What are the secret data?Confidential information is information protected by the laws of the Russian Federation. It can be an official, commercial or personal secret, not only for the legal, but also for the private person. A person who has access to data of a similar nature is obliged, in accordance with the legislation of the country, not to disclose or transfer them under any circumstances to third parties. Confidential information is not only an official secret, but also information that can not be used or transmitted in any way, if their owner has not consented to disclosure. The exception is cases in which this information may require the judicial authorities. In such situations, as a rule, there is a clear justification, which dictates the judicial-executive system of the state. All cases of providing confidential information are specified in the law of the Russian Federation on civil rights.
What can constitute official secrets? In the USSR, such information was sufficiently well defended, and official secrecy, as a rule, was reliably preserved. Information had the following types of secrecy:
- state secret, marked with "top secret" or "special importance";
- official secret, which was labeled "classified";
- special information under the stamp "for official use".
Today, classified information in the workplacemay constitute information that is a state secret, as well as derivatives of this information. Data contained and stored in local government and government authorities may also be information that is not subject to disclosure. Official secrecy may include information about subjects of civil law relations, if they are not classified as commercial secrets. In Art. 139 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, information that is an official secret can be information about adoption, about the medical diagnosis of patients, about personal contributions to banks. This can also include information about the activities of the organization, the dissemination of information about which is caused by official necessity.
Who should observe official secrecy?First of all, it should be kept by those employees who work in the legislative, executive and judicial branches, employees of state authorities and enterprises subordinate to these organizations. Persons who provided information about the secrets of the investigation, judicial or military secrets may be prosecuted.
What is trade secret?It includes information on technological, production, scientific and technical, financial and economic activities, which is of value not only for today, but also in the future. Service and commercial secrets under the laws of the Russian Federation are protected equally, although they have fundamental differences. The commercial secret for its owner is a value, from the preservation of which directly depends not only on profit, but also on the financial activities of the entity. Service and commercial secrets represent a guarantee for the normal functioning of any constituent entities of the Federation.
