Неотъемлемым компонентом электрических приборов и different electronic devices is a fuse. The main functional purpose of this element is to protect the device from various types of faults. They can occur as a result of errors made during installation, with improper inclusion and emergency situations in the network.
The principle of the fuse
Inclusion is carried out consistently incomplex with a current consumer. When this happens, the current circuit breaks in case of exceeding the nominal parameter, which is set in the accompanying documentation. Especially important is the role of the fuse in vehicles. This part in case of excess of rated current (at least twice) works within 5 seconds. Fuses designed for installation in the car, carry out their work for a hundred hours. A characteristic feature of such elements is considered a robust case. It does not melt even if the current exceeds the rated current by 10%. On the pins, the voltage drop is allowed in the range of 150-115 mV (depending on the type of product). Up to 150 mV is acceptable for 3.5; 15; 7.5; 10 A. K 115 mV allowed 30 A.
Fuses VAZ-2114 (injector)
On the car applied single-wire system,which is characteristic of a large number of all known cars. The location of the VAZ-2114 fuses is almost the same as those in modern nines. Absolutely for all consumers included in the wired system, there are installed elements that in the event of an increase in load or in the event of a short circuit instantly open the circuit. Indeed, as a result of this fault, the wiring is heating up and the current consumption increases. This often leads to a fire in which the car can burn out within a few minutes. Existing fuses can open the circuit and prevent the wiring from heating up.
Unprotected auto parts
The presence of very large currents, which requireseparate components of the VAZ-2114, can not protect them with fuses. Such details include the circuit charging the ignition, start the engine and battery. The system of these elements uses wiring with a large cross section and reliable insulation layer.
Malfunctions
Very often car owners are faced withfaults that are caused by blown fuses. You can identify a fuse that has failed, independently, without the help of specialists. It should be said that all elements are in the appropriate block, which can be easily opened and find the problem. It is very important not only to replace the part, but to identify the true cause of the malfunction. It is necessary in this case to check the wiring diagram, if there is a short circuit there. It must be remembered that the frequent blown out of the fuses indicates that there are serious problems with the wiring, which can only be eliminated with the help of a specialist of appropriate qualification.
Placement of elements
Стандартная комплектация любого автомобиля provides for the presence of two fuse blocks. The first, better known as the “black box”, is usually located under the hood, and the second directly inside the car under the panel. Circuit fuses VAZ-2114 is described below.
Relay:
- K1 - for headlight cleaners;
- K2 - on direction indicators and alarms (emergency);
- K3 - windscreen cleaner;
- K4 - to monitor the health of the lamps;
- K5 - on the lifts;
- K6 - for sound signals;
- K7 - for heated glass (rear);
- K8 - on the main beam;
- K9 - dipped;
- F1-F20 - fuses.
Black Box Feature
The first fuse box is in the hood,that is, a place where moisture can get into. That is why it is made of plastic box, which is hermetically closed. In addition to all the fuses provided by the standard circuit, a relay is placed in the unit (for light - near and far, alarm). Power is supplied from the battery. From one wire with a large cross-section, power is supplied to all consumers. Next, consider the location of the fuses VAZ-2114.
Component placement
The first and second fuse block VAZ-2114,the layout of which, in comparison with other cars has no significant differences, is reliably protected from damage. Each element that is located inside the box is responsible for the work of one consumer. An example of this is the headlights. In its scheme there are four fuses: protection of the dipped and main beam of the left and right side. If, as a result of the operation, the element responsible for the operation of the main beam on the left comes into disrepair, then, in spite of this, the neighbor will work successfully.
The second "part" of the elements
At its core, the so-called second blockis a set of parts, which is located in the cabin, under the panel. Its package includes: three fuses, three relays and an ECU. What do they correspond to? If you look from top to bottom, then the first element installed in this section on the VAZ-2114 is a fuel pump fuse. The second corresponds to the relay of the electric fan of the radiator, and the third to the electronic control unit.
Search for a broken item
Обычно в любом автомобиле находится достаточно lots of fuses. Of these, each is designed to ensure the safe operation of certain light bulbs and appliances. In the event of a problem, you can easily check and identify a faulty VAZ-2114 fuse; to do this, open the latch and lift the unit cover. Next, you need to find a sign on the surface that corresponds to the broken part. For example, a wiper failed, which means that it is necessary to find the corresponding designation in the opened block. By the way, the fuse panel VAZ-2114 reflects all the elements in the unit in the position in which they are shown in the figure in the accompanying documentation.
Basic methods for detecting a non-working element
Depending on which one is usedfuse VAZ-2114, there are two main ways with which you can identify the defective part. The first is quite common, because it does not require any special skills. To implement it, you just need to remove the fuse from the unit and visually check the integrity of the jumper. The second method is more troublesome, but accurate. After all, it is not always possible to see whether the whole middle part is in a fuse or not. To identify faults, it is necessary to turn on an inoperative circuit and check the elements for voltage. At the same time, they do not need to be removed. If, as a result of the test, it turns out that the voltage is at one end only, then the fuse is sure to blow.
Completing a car with additional equipment
Drivers try not only to maintain the carin good technical condition, but also strive to improve it and make it as comfortable as possible. That is why the owners of VAZ-2114 very often try to install additional equipment that is not provided in the standard scheme. For example, alarm systems, power windows, fog lamps are often installed. In these cases, without the help of new wiring, fuses and relays can not do. Particular attention should be paid to the choice of protective elements corresponding to a particular part. Very often, manufacturers of additional equipment do not indicate information about fuses, so in such cases they use components for connection, the response current of which is calculated according to this formula:
- I Mr. = W max / U.
Under I.nom is the desired current value.fuse tripping, W max - is the maximum possible power of consumers. To ensure more correct operation of the fuse, it is recommended to increase this value by 20%, U is the voltage indicator in the vehicle electrical system.
Recommendations for selection
Automotive fuse VAZ-2114 - one ofThe most effective means of protecting the car from the wiring circuit. It is necessary to choose this element carefully enough, trying to avoid low-quality goods, which in the future may cause serious problems and cause financial damage. In most modern auto shops you can pick up and buy a fuse VAZ-2114. When making a purchase, you need to familiarize yourself with the information about the manufacturer, it is usually placed on the packaging. However, if there is no information, it is recommended to refrain from the acquisition. It is advisable to prefer a fuse that is made of plastic, since this transparent material allows you to visually detect the fault if the fusible element becomes unusable for further use.
