Pressure reducing valves are mechanisms thatdesigned to maintain low pressure in the outgoing fluid flow. Most often, such tools are used in hydraulic drives, in which several devices are powered from one pump at once. In this case, the reduction valves normalize the pressure under which the fluid is supplied to all consumers, that is, the system does not produce excessively high or, on the contrary, reduced head. This device can significantly reduce the risk of damage to the main lines of the working fluid supply associated with excess pressure inside the system.
This mechanism consists of the following parts:
- calibrated spring;
- ball;
- spool;
- damper;
- high pressure feed;
- internal cavities in the housing to control the spool.
Reducing valve: photo and principle of operation
Fluid that is supplied from the mainline enters the internal control cavity and through a special annular gap between the valve and the housing is fed into the hole associated with the entire system of the mechanism.
In the case where the line pressure rises,the ball inside the mechanism also rises, and the pressure in the control cavity decreases to the norm. This hole is replenished with working fluid from other cavities, as well as from an opening of a small cross section of the damper. The spool can regulate pressure in only two lines, blocking the channel for supplying working fluid from the main system. Thus, this part increases the resistance of the passage of fluid, as a result of which the pressure in the cavity increases, which is determined by the force of the calibrated spring.
When the pressure in the system decreases, the spoolunder the influence of the spring moves, thereby increasing the annular gap between the two cavities. In this case, pressure reducing valves change the pressure of the fluid in one of the holes.
Based on this, we see that at the outlet the pressure level remains unchanged and is maintained by the device at an optimal level, regardless of the pressure of the hydraulic line and the flow rate of the working fluid.
What to do if the mechanism does not support the normal flow of water?
Sometimes it happens that pressure reducing valves are not inable to provide all users with normal pressure. In this case, it should be adjusted. Each device, including the VAZ 2109 reducing valve, has a special adjusting screw on the body, which affects the closing and opening of the spool in the system. When properly configured, you can achieve the ideal values of the working fluid supply.
Price
To date, the average cost of thisthe device is 5-5.5 thousand rubles. The cheapest reducing valves can be purchased for 1200-1300 rubles. The most expensive options cost about ten thousand.
Conclusion
So, we learned what the reduction valve consists of and found out how the position of the spool and ball affects the pressure in the internal cavities of the mechanism.
