During car operation the driver canface different problems. But if it comes to increased vibration, you should not hesitate to resolve this issue. In today's article we will try to find out the reasons for why there is a strong vibration during acceleration and movement, as well as find out ways to fix this problem.
What is provoked by?
Most often, such faults occur under the action of centrifugal forces, which can be caused by the following factors:
- Large imbalance of rotating elements and engine components. These include crankshaft, flywheel, and clutch. To determine their malfunction allows a comprehensive diagnosis of the vehicle.
- Imbalance of brake drums, discs and wheels.
- A big difference in the mass of parts of the crank wheel, namely the connecting rods and engine pistons.
When overclocked, vibration goes - what is the reason?
There are several reasons for imbalance causing increased body shaking. They can be:
- Constructive. This reason is due to the design features of the part itself. For example, to swap tires on the rim there is a valve, a mask which can disrupt the balance of the wheels.
- Technological.Here, the vibration is associated with the deviation of dimensions and parameters of unbalance of elements, which ensure their interchangeability. That is, the mass of the new connecting rod may be less than the normal value, as a result of which an uneven load arises in the engine and, as a result, vibration during separation, movement and just idling.
- Operational.It should be noted uneven wear of the part, its deformation, as well as changes in the properties of vibration isolators. The latter are the fastening elements of the power plant - airbags, which reduce the jolts transmitted from the engine to the frame and car body. Most often, these supports are made of metal elements, which are separated by a layer of rubber. Vibration during acceleration and idling can also come from them. This is possible if the material is very worn or the manufacturing technology is not followed.
How can I get rid of this problem?
Well, the causes of vibration during overclocking are clear to us.But how to get rid of the constant shaking of the motor? The most effective way is balancing. Yes, it is very difficult to eliminate the vibration emanating from the engine by 100%, but it’s quite realistic to reduce its level to a reasonable minimum.
How is the balancing procedure?For this, the item is subject to diagnosis. With the help of a special device is its heaviest side. Next, the master makes a decision - lightens the heavy part or makes the opposite side heavier. The latter option is very common when balancing wheels. It is worth noting that it is very difficult to determine where the light is and where the hard side of the wheel, and even more so the crankshaft, is.
Balancing methods
In total, there are several ways to maximize the balance of a particular part:
- Static.
- Dynamic.
Each of them has its own nuances and features. Therefore, below we consider the essence of each of them.
Static balancing
Производится она без принудительного вращения an item. This method does not require expensive equipment and can be used in garage conditions. But it should be remembered that the static method does not completely remove the imbalance. What is the essence of this method? The part to be balanced is mounted on prisms or bearings. Next, the element begins to rotate around its axis, as a result of which it occupies a position in which the heavier side is below the rotational axis. It should be noted that the prism must be strictly horizontal, and the bearings must have minimal resistance. In this case, the heavy side outweighs the light, and the part deviates from the center.
Dynamic balancing
This method is to useconstant forced rotation of the element on special equipment. The dynamic method allows you to completely remove the imbalance, while it can be used even for the toughest parts of different sizes (crankshaft, flywheel, cardan, etc.). Moreover, all data on deviations provides a computer with high accuracy.
With dynamic balancing of details likecrankshaft, clutch basket, wheel hub and brake drum, heavy side relief is achieved by removing some of the material in it. Depending on the type of product, it can be drilling or other mechanical processing. By the way, you can see the dynamic balancing of the crankshaft in the photo below.
How to determine the source of vibration without specialized tools?
In the absence of a specific set of equipmentIt is hardly possible to correctly determine the excess of the level of shaking. Each driver perceives this concept subjectively: for one person, knocking and vibration during acceleration may seem commonplace, while for the other a small rustling becomes a cause for panic.
But be that as it may, shaking can be considered unacceptable in the following cases:
- Lying on the instrument panel objects begin to spontaneously move.
- Feels strong vibration steering. The causes of this problem are often hidden in the imbalance of the front wheels.
- The reflection in the salon mirror begins to blur.
- There is an unpleasant vibration of the floor and controls, especially at low revs.
Before you search for a sourceincreased shaking, it should be remembered that it may occur due to uneven operation of the engine itself. Perhaps, until recently, you turned to the service station with a request to repair the engine (for example, replace the crankshaft). In this case, it is likely that the crankshaft did not pass the mandatory balancing procedure with the flywheel. Also, increased vibration is caused by improper adjustment of the throttle or carburetor. In this case, the mixture may not completely burn, and the engine speed at idle speed is below 800 rpm.
How to start searching for problems?
First, it is recommended to inspect the condition of the suspensionengine, intake system and parts located near it. First, the diagnosis is performed with the engine off and then with the engine turned on. The supports of the power unit must always be intact. If a crack appears on them, replace the element. This should eliminate the increased vibration. Sometimes engine protection can be located close to the pallet - if there is a very small gap between them, most likely, vibrations and sounds occur because of the contact of the two elements.
Next, you need to check the reliability of tighteningall threaded connections. If you notice a loose bolt, tighten it to the desired level. Sometimes vibrations are caused by a radiator fan. In this case, remove the impeller and listen to the engine without it.
На следующем этапе поиска источника вибраций It is necessary to disconnect the attachment (drive belt) in series and check the level of shaking when starting the motor and its operation under different load conditions. Most often in this case, balance the pulley or change the belt.
It happens that the cause of vibration becomesflywheel and clutch basket. To diagnose them, you need to squeeze the clutch pedal to the floor, start the engine "in gear" and after a few seconds switch to "neutral", and then release the foot. If the vibration is left, then it comes from a flywheel or a basket. An imbalance in the weight of the cylinder-piston group is also possible here.
What if the vibration is felt when moving?
Most often it arises from undercarriage elements.systems and transmissions. If the engine's vibration changes along with the speed of movement, it is likely that one of the nodes after the gearbox shaft vibrates. It can be cardan and drive shafts, transfer case elements, hubs and wheels. By the way, if the vibration is only under braking (this is especially noticeable on the steering wheel), then the problem lies in the brake discs or drums.
Also increased shaking may occur due tothe use of low-quality rubber. Its composition can be very tough, which increases the load on the front wheels as the vehicle speed decreases. Vehicle vibration when driving at a speed of 10-15 kilometers per hour is caused by an imbalance of the wheels. On the front, it can manifest an additional beating of the steering wheel.
Engine vibration after overhaul
Повышенная тряска в салоне, возникшая после the replacement of rotating parts of a cylinder-piston group, indicates a large imbalance of new elements or errors in the performance of repair operations that led to improper assembly of the part or its deformation. Connecting rods and pistons must always be selected by weight. Often, the difference in weight for these parts should not exceed 10 and 5 grams, respectively.
Conclusion
Итак, мы выяснили причины вибрации при разгоне и ways to eliminate them. Increased shaking of the engine and steering is a very serious malfunction, so experts do not recommend ignoring these symptoms. If you have a vibration on the body during acceleration or idling, you should immediately find the source and solve the problem before you get into an emergency situation on the road or get stuck on expensive engine repairs. Finally, we note that when troubleshooting, it is important not to forget about safety. Remember that some engine parts can be very hot, especially the elements of the cooling system and intake manifold. Also avoid hands when the motor is running with the alternator belt and fan impeller.
