On the oral mucosa in humans is presenta small number of yeast-like fungi Candida. However, a decrease in immunity can provoke a sharp growth of fungi. To understand what exactly is the defeat of the mucous pathogenic microorganisms, you need to see a photo of oral candidiasis. Treatment of thrush doctor selects individually, taking into account the age of the patient and the characteristics of the disease.
Зачастую образуется кандидоз у грудничков и в old age. The risk group can also include people with weakened immunity. Infection in adults can occur during kissing or intercourse with an infected person. In a newborn child, candidiasis develops as a result of passing through infected genital tract.
Classification
Before choosing a treatment for candidiasis of the cavitymouth, be sure to understand what forms of the disease exist and how exactly they occur. The type of leakage can be acute and chronic form of the disease. Acute type, in turn, is subdivided into pseudomembrane and atrophic thrush.
Pseudomembrane candidiasis occurs mostoften. Babies become infected with fungus through the nipple, and older children through the dishes or the nipple. The probability of infection increases significantly if the baby is born prematurely or has had an infectious disease. Its course is mostly easy.
Молочница у взрослых встречается по причине weakening of the immune system, which may be due to diabetes, lack of vitamins, malignant tumors. The lesion extends to all mucous membranes of the oral cavity. At the initial stages, the plaque is very easy to remove, and under it a swollen surface is found. At much later stages, red bleeding erosion forms.
Acute atrophic form of candidiasis can bean independent disease that occurs when taking glucocorticoids, antibiotics, or as a result of wearing braces. The symptoms and treatment of oral candidiasis of this form are similar to the pseudomembrane form of the disease. This type of thrush is an inflammation that occurs in the tongue, but gum damage can sometimes be observed, indicating a serious deterioration of the immune system. All signs of thrush appear more clearly. There is no plaque in this case, however, the mucosa is very edematous and reddened. This type of lesion can be very easily confused with allergies.
Candidiasis can become chronic withreduction of immunity and prolonged use of antibiotics. Chronic hyperplastic type of thrush affects the oral mucosa. As a result, it becomes inflamed and covered with a whitish bloom, which can be very easily removed. With a prolonged course of the disease, the plaque begins to thicken, becomes yellowish. At the same time there is a slightly inflamed and bleeding surface. Without timely and correct treatment, the fungus develops even more and spreads to the internal organs.
Chronic atrophic type thrushoccurs mainly with prolonged wearing of dentures. The fungus spreads to the entire oral cavity, with the result that patients begin to complain of burning and dryness. Most often this form is found in older women.
Causes
There are certain provoking factors that cause the activity of the fungus Candida. Among them it is necessary to highlight such as:
- taking certain medications;
- disease of the endocrine system;
- procedures that lead to a deterioration of the immune system;
- frequent injury to the oral cavity;
- hormonal disorders;
- malnutrition;
- problems with digestive organs.
All these factors lead to the development of candidiasis andbound by lowering immunity. A person with a good state of health who is a carrier of the infection may not get sick, but infects other people. It is transmitted mainly by contact or airborne droplets.
Main symptoms
When making a diagnosis is requiredcomprehensive treatment of oral candidiasis. Photos of the features of the course of the disease helps to determine what symptoms may be. Among the main features you need to highlight such as:
- the presence of swelling and redness of the oral mucosa;
- white cheesy plaque;
- the formation of milk films or plaques;
- when removing plaque there is a pronounced redness and sores;
- metallic taste sensation;
- burning and itching in the mouth;
- pain while swallowing;
- multiple bleeding wounds;
- temperature increase.
These are only common signs of a lesion of the oral cavity by the fungus Candida, so they may not be observed together. By the presence of certain symptoms, the course of the disease can be determined.
Conducting diagnostics
Before treatment of oral candidiasis, diagnosis must be made. Diagnosis is based on such sources as:
- patient complaints;
- clinical picture;
- scraping microscopy;
- blood test;
- serum examination;
- examination of nails and skin.
Consultation may be required.other specialists, in particular, a gynecologist, an endocrinologist, a gastroenterologist. After completing the course of therapy, the patient should undergo a re-examination, which will determine how effective the therapy was, and also prevent the recurrence. Those who at least once faced with candidiasis, be sure to take care of the condition of the teeth and regularly undergo examination at the dentist.
Features of treatment
Treatment of oral candidiasis is carried outin several different ways. Therapy must necessarily be comprehensive, since, in addition to exposure to the pathogen, it is also necessary to strengthen the immune system to increase the protection of the mucous membranes. Basically, for the treatment of even the most advanced stages of thrush, it is enough to consult a pediatrician or therapist, and if the disease has affected the internal organs, then additional help from a mycologist will be required.
General treatment of oral candidiasis and pharynxappointed only after a comprehensive diagnosis. The main goal of such therapeutic measures is the elimination of provoking factors and the treatment of associated diseases that lead to a weakening of the immune system. General treatment necessarily includes:
- cancellation of antibacterial drugs, if taken;
- taking antifungal agents;
- physiotherapy, in particular electrophoresis and ultraviolet radiation.
Treatment of candidiasis of the oral mucosacertainly begins with the use of antifungal drugs. They can be in the form of suspensions, ointments, aerosols. In addition, local therapy is prescribed, which includes:
- receiving local antifungal agents;
- the use of antiseptic drugs;
- sanation of mucous membranes.
Антисептики назначаются в основном в форме rinsing liquids. Effective treatment of oral candidiasis is carried out with the use of anti-inflammatory drugs. Since the fungus that causes thrush prefers an acidic environment, it is necessary to create an unfavorable environment by alkalization. In addition, you can use folk remedies, be sure to carry out the rehabilitation of the oral cavity and adhere to a balanced diet.
Treatment of newborns and infants
In infants infected with the fungus Candida,feeding must necessarily end with lubrication of the oral cavity with an aqueous solution of brilliant green, peroxide or "Levorin", "Nystatin". Treatment of oral candidiasis "Nystatin" has a very good effect, which is why it is necessary to apply it throughout the day to lubricate the mucous membrane. The procedure can be repeated up to 6 times per day. Candid nibs in infants need to be treated with silver nitrate solution.
From birth, it is possible to treat oral mucous candidiasis with such means as "Levorin", "Nystatin", "Mycoheptin".
Treatment of children older than one year
A child older than one year should wipe the mucous membrane.oral baking soda, having previously dissolved 1 tsp. in 1 tbsp. warm water. You can also use a solution of potassium permanganate, peroxide or brilliant green.
From the age of 3, the child is prescribed saline, Cetylpyridine solution as a rinse. In addition, systemic drugs are prescribed, in particular, such as Fluconazole and Ketoconazole.
Adult treatment
In case of self-detection of signsthrush in the mouth necessarily need to consult a doctor who will diagnose. Treatment of oral candidiasis in adults must be accompanied by additional measures to strengthen the immune system and the treatment of related diseases. Therapy is carried out by the general and local method. In particular, such drugs are prescribed for the treatment of oral candidiasis:
- Diflucan;
- Nystatin;
- Levotin.
The duration of the course of therapy is mainlyis 10 days. During this period, the doctor prescribes a regular resorption of such means as "Decamine", and the use of a solution of potassium iodide to eliminate dry mouth.
Local therapy for candidiasis isthe use of antiseptics for lubrication of the oral mucosa. This may be Fukortsin, and rinsing is carried out by such means as Hexoral, Chlorhexidine. Mandatory is the appointment of antifungal agents, in particular, such as "Clotrimazole", "Nystatin", "Terbinafin", "Fluconazole". Medicines can be in tablet form, as well as in the form of a solution, gel, aerosol, ointment. Systemic treatment of oral candidiasis in adults is carried out only if previous methods of therapy have not brought the desired result.
Among the widest range of antibacterialdrugs with antifungal qualities, the doctor prescribes the drug "Fluconazole", which is associated with its good tolerability and prolonged retention in blood plasma. This drug is characterized by the fact that it helps prevent the recurrence of the disease.
Folk techniques
Effective treatment of oral candidiasismouth folk remedies that help strengthen the immune system, as well as allow you to control the flow of diseases such as tuberculosis, diabetes, as they weaken the immune forces of the body.
Thrush Therapy Impliesthe use of anti-inflammatory decoctions for rinsing, receiving decoctions and infusions, as well as lotions. Folk treatment of oral candidiasis involves the use of tools such as chamomile, calendula, and St. John's wort.
Хорошим народным средством считается полоскание baking soda solution. It is useful to carry out the rinsing of the mouth every time after the consumption of food. Rinsing with decoctions of calendula, sage, nettle, oak bark, chamomile has a beneficial antiseptic effect.
Размягчить налет и безболезненно удалить его You can smear the mucous of the mouth with sea buckthorn oil. Apply it to the affected areas 3 times a day. For an internal reception for an adult, you can make a drink, the basis of which is sour milk. You must first stir a glass of yogurt with a clove of garlic. To achieve a positive effect, it is necessary to apply carrot, viburnum or cranberry juice for 3-4 weeks.
Rinsing with natural oralthe cavity not only helps to eliminate the fungal infection, but also helps to improve the immune system. Additionally, the affected areas can be lubricated with honey, onion juice, wormwood and garlic. Before carrying out such a treatment, it is necessary to first eliminate the top layer of plaque.
Features of nutrition
Очень большое значение имеет диета при лечении oral candidiasis. From the usual diet it is necessary to exclude drinks containing sugar and alcohol. The peculiarities of nutrition include the prohibition of the consumption of all products, which include yeast, as well as the need to limit the consumption of hot spices, tea, smoked meats and fatty meats.
Diet must include greens,vegetables and fruits. According to reviews of patients suffering from thrush, carrot has very useful qualities. It is recommended to use this root vegetable for cooking, as well as as a preventive measure. In addition, it is recommended to consume garlic. In the usual diet must be present eggs, liver, cereals, lean fish. Every day you need to consume dairy products, nuts, olive oil.
It is important to remember that when feeding a child hot and cold food can provoke painful sensations. In addition, it is not recommended to consume too hard food.
Prevention and prognosis
Carefully need to carry out preventive measures innewborns and infants. In order to prevent the occurrence of candidiasis, a pregnant woman must always be screened for infection with a fungus. In women, a study of mucus from the mouth, nose and vagina. Fungi can be detected even in the absence of symptoms of infection while wearing the infection.
In addition, preventive measures should include:
- regular visits to the dentist;
- avoiding tobacco smoking and excessive consumption of alcohol;
- oral hygiene;
- consumption of fermented milk products;
- include high-protein foods in the diet;
- following the rules of care for dentures.
In addition, as an effective prevention of candidiasis in people with existing cancer, an antifungal medication is required.
When the flow of the lungs and acute forms of the diseaseThe forecast is quite favorable. The chronic form of candidiasis is very dangerous with the occurrence of relapses, the development of sepsis, which is why competent treatment is required.
