Caring and attentive mothers are always watchingthe health of your child. For parents, the most important thing is for their baby to be healthy. Important indicators for assessing the work of the cardiovascular system are the pulse and blood pressure. These values are different at different ages. Moms should know the distinguishing features and regulatory indicators.
Features of children's pressure
Children's body grows, pressure changesblood on the walls of blood vessels. In babies, they are very elastic, the lumen is wider, and therefore blood pressure is lower. With age, the vessels lengthen, the child grows, and the blood flow rate decreases. The lumen of the vessels narrows and blood pressure rises.
AD boys after five years a little more than thattheir girlfriends of the same age. The pressure in children 10 years old (normal) is close to the testimony of an adult, as the child approaches the pubertal period of its development.
Factors affecting pressure in children
Children aged 10 years, as a rule, are very mobile and emotional. And many factors influence a child’s blood pressure. Among them are the following:
1. Weight and height.
2. The work of the heart.
3. The state of the vessels and arteries.
4. Physical and mental stress (very child fatigue will be reflected).
5. Emotional state. We know that children at this age are impressionable and vulnerable.
6. Diseases of the child. The presence of various pathologies.
7. Environment. Children in the northern regions have lower rates than residents from the southern part of the country.
8. Hereditary factor.
All these components are interconnected. Also will affect the indicators of food intake and the time of day when pressure is measured.
What is the normal pressure in children 10 years old?
There is a formula by which you cancalculate the pressure of a particular child. The pressure in children 10 years (norm) is the maximum systolic up to 120 mm. Hg st. and up to 70 mm Hg. st. - diastolic.
Systolic is calculated as follows:90 + age multiplied by two. This means that for a ten-year-old child it will be 90 + 10 * 2 = 110. Diastolic: 60 + age, then 60 + 10 = 70. The optimal pressure of a child of 10 years is the norm - 110/70. Allowed deviations from these indicators by 10-20 units, taking into account factors affecting the baby. Of course, you can not ignore the pulse. It is necessary to pay attention to its rhythm, tension. A child of 10 years old is 75-80 beats per minute.
How to measure the pressure of the child
To measure these indicators are widely usedelectronic blood pressure monitors. They are simple and convenient to use at home. When measuring pressure in children 10 years old, the rate should be about 110-120 mm. Hg st. on 70 mm. Hg st. These indicators may have deviations in a big way, if the child was actively moving before the measurement.
To correctly measure pressure, you need to follow a few rules:
- It should be measured at rest. It is forbidden to move and talk at this moment.
- Need to use a special cuff for children. Its width should not be more than 2/3 of the length of the shoulder.
- If measurements are taken at intervals, then it should be measured in one position, sitting or lying down.
Blood pressure is recommended to measurein the morning or after the child rests for at least 15 minutes. The hand is placed at the level of the heart palm up. The cuff is worn on the arm without clothes at 2-3 cm above the elbow bend. The hand should not be squeezed by clothing. The cuff does not need to be tightened, between it and the hand there should be space for one finger. The best option for a child is to measure blood pressure 3 times with the same time interval in one position in order to see the full picture of changes. The lowest readings will be considered more accurate.
Deviations from the norm
If a child has health problems,then be sure to follow blood pressure indicators. When blood pressure is below normal, the metabolism is disturbed, tissues are poorly enriched with oxygen. There may be a malfunction of the internal organs: liver, kidney, heart, endocrine system suffers. If the pressure is higher than normal, rupture of blood vessels and even hemorrhage can occur, but, fortunately, in children it happens very rarely. If the pressure in a child of 10 years is the norm, the pulse is also age-matched, then everything is fine with health. With deviations from normal values in a smaller or larger side, diseases such as hypertension or hypotension can already be suspected. It is from the age of ten that a doctor can diagnose these diseases.
Hypertension and its symptoms
In childhood hypertension is of two types:primary and secondary. Primary - this is a temporary increase in pressure associated with physical or emotional stress. This increase is not permanent. We can observe it in quite healthy children.
Secondary hypertension, or arterial - is a steady increase in pressure for a long time. It is associated with the presence of certain pathologies in the body:
- Kidney disease.
- Problems in the endocrine system.
- Most often, hypertension is observed in overweight children prone to obesity.
The increase in pressure in the body even ona short time leads to undesirable changes in the work of organs. First of all it affects the work of the heart and blood vessels. The vessels narrow, their walls thicken, thereby not providing a full flow of blood to the organs. The heart muscle is supplied poorly, works hard, and therefore, its density increases. As a result, arterial walls thicken, tissue nutrition worsens, which weakens the body as a whole.
Children, as a rule, do not feel any symptoms of high blood pressure, which cannot be said about low rates.
Hypotension and its symptoms
If the pressure in children 10 years old rate, pulsenormal, then your child is quite healthy. In the case when the indicators are significantly reduced, then we can already talk about hypotension. This can be observed after a long illness or a large emotional load.
Symptoms indicating low blood pressure:
- Typical weakness.
- Fast fatiguability.
- Headache.
- It is difficult to wake up in the morning.
- Increased sweating during exercise.
First of all, such a child needs to examine the heart and blood vessels.
Treatment and prevention
How to treat hypertension or hypotension in children?First, you need to conduct a thorough examination to identify the diseases that provoked an increase or decrease in pressure. In no case can not self-medicate. All drugs should appoint a specialist.
For the prevention of hypertension plays a big roleproper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. Carefully follow the diet: the dishes should not contain a lot of salt and fat. Sitting at the computer, as it is now fashionable, you need to minimize, move more and exercise. All this in combination with proper nutrition will give a positive dynamic. If within a few days to measure blood pressure, and the indicators will be 120 to 70, then we can say that the pressure in children 10 years is the norm. So your efforts were not in vain.
To prevent hypotension in the first place we putexercise with gradually increasing loads and, of course, a full and healthy diet. Hardening has a very good effect on such children.
The child should take the medication clearly.under the supervision of parents. Adults themselves should become an example for their children. If necessary, then reconsider the eating habits, to end the sedentary lifestyle. Thus, you will help your child cope with his illness. The pressure of a child of 10 years plays a large role in his subsequent development and the formation of a maturing organism.
