In medical practice widely usedclinical blood test. This examination allows to detect anemia, inflammatory processes in the body, draw a conclusion about the state of the walls of blood vessels, suggest the presence of helminthic invasion, malignant pathologies. This analysis is also widely used in radiobiology among patients who are suspected of radiation sickness.
In this case, a general clinical blood test indicateson the peculiarity of the reaction of the hematopoietic organs under the influence of pathological or physiological factors, often has significance in the diagnosis of various diseases, and in the pathology of hematopoiesis is the leading method of examining patients.
This analysis includes the following parameters:
- counting of the formed elements, namely: erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes;
- color index;
- calculation of ESR;
- the definition of leukocyte formula - the ratio of different leukocytes (neutron, eosinophils, and also basophils, monocytes and lymphocytes), which is expressed as a percentage.
Additionally, they can determine the time for which blood is folded, the duration of bleeding
Clinical blood test: norm of indicators
1. Hemoglobin is a component of erythrocytes. He carries oxygen. The blood of men contains up to 160 grams of hemoglobin per liter of blood, in women this figure is slightly lower - to 140 g per liter.
2.Erythrocytes - responsible for biological oxidation, are red blood cells. In women, this parameter is 3.8-4.5 x 10 (12) per liter of blood, the number of these cells among men is about 5.0.
3.Leukocytes - are formed in the lymph nodes and bone marrow, there are five types. There are neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils, which are part of the granulocyte group, as well as lymphocytes and monocytes. Normally, a liter of blood should contain 4-9 x 10 (9) of all leukocytes. The level of these cells increases with inflammatory processes, infectious lesions, injuries and tumors, after physical work and during pregnancy.
4. The color index indicates the saturation of erythrocytes with hemoglobin (0.9-1 in norm). It increases with a deficiency of vitamin B12, cancer and polyps of the stomach, decreases - with iron deficiency anemia.
5.A clinical blood test determines ESR, which is a nonspecific indicator of pathology in the body. The level of ESR depends on sex, as well as on age, increases with damage to the kidneys, liver, endocrine glands, collagenoses, infectious inflammatory processes, after surgery, although there may be a physiological increase during pregnancy and after eating. Decrease in ESR is observed with circulatory insufficiency, increased bilirubin and bile acid concentrations, and a decrease in fibrinogen in the body.
