As soon as a child is born, all hissystems and organs adapt to new conditions of life, include functions of the body, previously not involved, brain processes are activated. If any violations of these processes are suspected, additional examination and, if necessary, treatment are necessary. The most effective method for identifying pathologies of the brain and nervous system as a whole is neurosonography (NSG) of the brain of the newborn. This method allows to identify diseases of the nervous system in children from the very first days of life.
What is NSG?
NSG - is, in fact, ultrasound.NSG in newborns is an effective, informational hardware research. For newborns, this method is available due to the structural features of the bones of the skull. The fact is that they are not yet fully formed, and this physiological feature makes it possible to make NSH of the brain of newborns through unallocated springs.
The principle of such a studypractically does not differ from ultrasound. Through the springs (front and back) ultrasonic waves are able to penetrate to the brain of a child. The range of the survey is the greater, the less drawn out the fontanelles. NSH brain of newborns may be done from birth to one year. Ultrasonic waves used in the course of the study are completely harmless to kids. The earlier the pathology is detected and the treatment is started, the more favorable the prognosis for the baby.
Indications for NSG procedure
This procedure is prescribed for suspectedany abnormalities associated with the work of the brain and the development of the nervous system or received after a head injury, for example, when passing through the birth canal. The NSG of the brain of newborns today is one of the most effective methods for detecting various abnormalities associated with the nervous system. Indications for research can serve:
- Prematurity
- Lack of body weight.
- Newborn assessment on Apgar scale 7/7 or lower.
- Large child with great weight.
- Intrauterine infections.
- Hypoxia.
- Rhesus conflict.
- Anomalies of development.
- Injuries received by the child during childbirth.
- Swollen fontanelles (indicate high intracranial pressure).
- Domestic head injuries.
- Suspected neurological abnormalities, such as cerebral palsy.
- Clinic of neurological disorders.
- Skull deformities (non-standard form).
- Tumors and inflammatory processes.
- The presence of burdened history.
Sometimes in the absence of external signs, latent pathologies are revealed after an ultrasound scan. NSG in newborns makes it possible to detect even the most minor deviations.
Do I need training?
This examination is absolutely harmless tobaby No preparation of NSG brain requires newborns. The procedure is painless, it does not deliver discomfort to the baby. A mother can attend and ask the doctor questions that interest her.
If earlier with suspected pathology of the nervousthey had to do general anesthesia in order to immobilize the child and perform a tomography of the brain, and during the NSG it is not required. The child may be awake and actively move - this does not interfere with the procedure.
What allows you to identify the NSG brain of newborns?
Cyst is a pathology representinga choroid plexus resembling a bladder with fluid inside. Cysts of the brain in newborns can be formed during the passage of the birth canal. In this case, they usually resolve themselves and do not require any treatment. If the reason for their formation is different, then this requires additional examination and appropriate treatment.
Повышенное внутричерепное давление у newborns may be detected with NSG. This study reveals various abnormalities in the development of the brain caused by circulatory disorders or birth injuries.
Hypertension syndrome is a serious pathology,which is manifested in the displacement of one of the hemispheres. The cause may be a swelling, hemorrhage, or a large cyst. This pathology requires prompt treatment to a specialist.
Intraventricular hemorrhage orparenchymal neonatal infants can also be detected using an NSS study. Intraventricular hemorrhages are more common in children with hypoxia or preterm. Parenchymal often develop in the fetus in utero. With this pathology, treatment begins immediately from the moment of birth.
Hydrocephalus is an increase in one or more ventricles of the brain. This pathology requires an urgent appeal to a neurologist and intensive care.
Serious disturbances in the nervous system are possible.identify almost from the first days of life with the help of NSH brain of newborns. Reviews of parents whose children were completely cured by this study and did not become disabled since early childhood indicate the feasibility of the procedure in case of any suspicion. Experts hold the same opinion.
NSG newborns. Decryption
Reading the transcript of this study produces only a doctor. This takes into account all the nuances of labor activity:
- How was the birth - with or without complications.
- How long they lasted.
- Whether the fetus was hypoxia.
- Have there been birth injuries to the newborn?
- Baby weight, etc.
Considering all these data, the doctor makes a conclusion.With this study, as the NSG of the brain of newborns, decoding data may be normal for some babies, but not for others (considering the complications of the process of delivery). The study evaluates the following data:
- Symmetry or asymmetry of brain structures. Normally, there should be complete symmetry.
- Clarity of furrows and convolutions in the cerebral cortex.
- Symmetry and uniformity of the ventricles of the brain, anechogenicity. The presence of so-called flakes (seals) indicates hemorrhage.
- Hyperechogenicity and homogeneity of vascular accumulations.
- Lack of leucomalacia (excessive softness of the structure of the medulla).
- Lack of cysts.
Normal NSG Values
They are taken into account for the study of NSH of newborns with the norm of the size of some parts of the brain in children of the first days of life. They are reflected in the table below.
| Department of the brain of a newborn | Normal dimensions in mm |
| Anterior horn of the lateral ventricle | 1-2 |
| Body of the front horn (depth) | 4 |
| Hemispheric gap | up to 2 |
| Third ventricle | until 6 |
| Big tank | 3-6 |
| Subarachnoid space | until 3 |
With age, the normal performance changes, but the symmetrical development and homogeneity of the structure of absolutely all brain regions is always the norm.
What to do when pathology is detected?
If pathology is detected, do not immediately panicworth it. It would be best to immediately seek help from a pediatric neurologist. After all, the earlier they began to carry out treatment, the more favorable the prognosis for the baby. Often, pathology is completely curable. And such a deviation as a cyst may not even require treatment at all. As a rule, cysts of the brain of newborns resolve themselves. Only observation is required.
Research cost
In various medical institutions priceStudies of NSH in the brain of a newborn may differ slightly. The approximate cost of it is 1000 rubles. If you additionally dopplerometry, the price can be up to 1500 rubles. Inexpensive research allows you to notice and eliminate serious problems related to the health of your baby.
