In Part 1 of Art.92 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation identified categories of employees for whom the duration of working time is reduced. The duration of employment for a particular person is indicated by contracts on the basis of an inter-branch (sectoral) agreement. This takes into account the results of a special assessment of working conditions. It is carried out by an authorized commission in accordance with the rules provided for in legislative and other regulatory branch (inter-sectoral) acts.

Part 1 of Art. 92 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation
Reduced duration of employment is provided for employees:
- Under 16 years old - no more than 24 hours per week.
- At the age of 16-18 years old - no more than 35 hours / week.
- Disabled 1st or 2nd groups - no more than 35 hours / week.
- Working conditions which are classified as harmful 3rd or 4th degree or dangerous - no more than 36 hours / week.
The duration of the training institutions,leading educational activities, under the age of 18 years, performing work tasks during the year in their spare time, can not be more than half of the standards given above.
Additionally
Art.92 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation establishes that in accordance with the inter-branch (sectoral) contract and collective agreement, as well as the written consent of the employee, the duration of his working time is allowed to increase. However, the duration of work can not be more than 40 hours / week. In this case, the employee is entitled to payment of compensation, which is calculated separately from other sums in the amount, manner and on conditions determined by inter-branch (industry) contracts and collective agreements. The written consent of the citizen is made out by drawing up an annex to the contract. In other federal or other regulatory acts, a reduced duration of employment may be established for categories of workers not specified in this article.

Art. 92 of the Labor Code with comments
Labor Code defines normsthe duration of the work activities of citizens. General requirements are established by Art. 91, 92 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. In accordance with the first norm, the working time cannot be longer than 40 h / week. Art. 92 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation allows reduction of the established duration for a number of categories of employees. The reduction in working hours has several characteristic features. Among the main ones, the following distinctive features should be noted:
- Reduced duration serves as a complete standard for certain categories of employees.
- Special indicators of the duration of time are introduced to provide increased protection and labor protection of personnel employed in the enterprise.
- Factors determining the need for reduction are the special nature and conditions of professional activity, age and physiological characteristics of employed citizens.
Article 219 of the Code provides for the rightemployee to work in conditions that meet the requirements of OT. The rules and the size of guarantees, compensation to citizens involved in professional activities at hazardous / hazardous industries, are determined by art. 92, 117, 147 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Employee salary
Remuneration of persons for whom it is envisagedreduced duration, does not decrease in proportion to the time spent. The only exceptions are minors. For employees who are under 18 years of age, payments are made subject to reduced time. The employer at the same time has the right from his own funds to make additional payments to the level of the salaries of employees working according to the standards.
Treaties
Duration of employment, inaccording to art. 92 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, is established in the contract on the basis of an interbranch (industry) agreement, taking into account the results of the evaluation of operating conditions. This means that in a contract with a specific citizen, the characteristics of the place of his professional activity must be spelled out. They will influence the establishment of working hours. In addition, in accordance with Art. 92, 117 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation for employees involved in activities at hazardous / hazardous industries, the annual paid additional leave is established. In the absence of sectoral and collective agreements, the employment contract will act as the only document determining the duration of the activity.
Nuance
In accordance with the Federal Law regulating protectionpersons with disabilities, for persons with groups 1 and 2, the duration of work activity shall be no more than 35 hours / week. In this case, the salary is saved in full. If the disabled person works 30 hours per week, then the remuneration of labor occurs in proportion to the hours worked.

Daily Rates
When considering abbreviatedthe duration of the work it is advisable to analyze art. 92, 94 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The first establishes the duration of the activity per week for a number of categories of workers. In Art. 94 determined the duration of labor per day. In accordance with the norm of the shift can not be longer:
- For employees 15-16 years old - 5 hours, 16-18 years old - 7 hours.
- For trainees in vocational education and secondary vocational education, combining study and work during the year, at the age of 14-16 years - 2.5 hours, 16-18 years - 4 hours.
Shift duration for disabledis established according to the medical report submitted in the manner specified in the Federal Law. For employees involved in activities at hazardous / hazardous industries, for whom reduced working hours are foreseen, the maximum permissible shift duration cannot be longer than 8 hours at 36 hours and 6 hours at 30 hours week. It is allowed to increase the specified standards subject to the rules established by paragraphs 1-3 of the 92nd article of the Code. Allowed to increase the duration of shifts up to 12 hours at 36-hour and 8 hours at 30-hour week.

Persons of creative professions
This category includes employees:
- MASS MEDIA.
- Cinematography organizations.
- Video and television crews.
- Concert, theater organizations.
- Circus
- Other persons participating in the creation / execution of works of art.
For these employees, the duration of the shift is set by the contract, local act, collective agreement.
Pedagogical workers
In Art.92 of the Labor Code of the RF, it is indicated that a federal or other regulatory act may establish separate standards for certain categories of employees. These include, in particular, teachers and health workers. The basis for reducing the duration of employment are special acts, the effect of which applies to each category separately. In particular, according to the Order of the Ministry of Education and Science No. 2075 it is stipulated that the duration of work for teachers is determined at a reduced rate of not more than 36 hours / week. In determining the duration of labor is taken into account the position or specialty, as well as the specifics of the activity. 36-hour week includes:
- For faculty members of universities and institutions of additional vocational education.
- Senior tutors of pre-school, educational institutions of additional education of children and children's homes.
- Psychologists, social teachers, organizing teachers, labor instructors, senior counselors.
- Methodists of educational institutions.
- Tutors, except those employed in the fields of additional and higher vocational training.
- Heads of physical education organizations implementing programs of secondary and primary vocational education.
- Teachers, organizers of life safety, pre-conscription training.
- Instructors-methodologists of institutions of children's sports education.
Health workers
Government Decree 101 definesthe duration of the work of employees of medical institutions, depending on the position or specialty. There are 3 lists of employees. The first includes specialties / positions of employees whose working conditions entitle them to a shorter weekly period (36 hours). In the second group there are employees for whom a 33-hour week is envisaged. For the third list, the duration of the work week is set at 30 hours.
Hazardous / harmful production
According to the Federal Law № 426 special assessment of working conditionsacts as a unified set of sequentially performed activities to detect negative factors of the working environment. As part of the audit, an assessment of their level of influence on personnel is carried out. This takes into account the deviations of the actual value from the indicators established by the executive federal power structure.
В соответствии с 14-й статьей указанного закона hazard and harm conditions are divided into 4 classes. The first includes the optimal indicators of the state of the working environment. Under such conditions, hazardous / harmful factors do not affect personnel or their degree does not exceed the norms. With such indicators, prerequisites are formed to maintain the efficiency of employees at a high level. Acceptable conditions are those under which harmful / dangerous factors affect personnel within normal limits. At the same time, the changes that the workers' body undergoes are eliminated during the period of regulated rest or by the beginning of the next shift.
