Devices of electromechanical type,transforming the mechanical form of energy into electrical energy and vice versa, are electrical machines. Their main distinguishing feature from other converters is that these units function as an engine and a generator at the same time.
Types of electrical machines
According to the type of field formed, electrical converters are divided into:
- inductive. They change energy in a magnetic field. They are widely used in industrial and other spheres of production;
- capacitive. Basically, such machines are not used in practice. Experts explain this by the complexity of forming a strong electric field that converts energy;
- inductive-capacitive. This is the type of machines that arose a few years ago. They carry out the modification of energy in the electromagnetic field and combine the properties of the two previous types of aggregates.
Brushless function with alternating current. They can be synchronous and asynchronous aggregates. The former are used as generators and electric motors, while the latter serve as engines.
The collector machine is an aggregate working onlyat a constant current, and therefore it includes a mechanical converter. The main advantages are unique starting properties and smooth enough control of the frequency of the gross rotation. Due to these qualities, it is actively used as a power source for welding machines, as well as a drive for electric transport and rolling mill.
Scope of application
Today, the need for electricity is growing, which is associated with widespread automation and the introduction of technological processes.
Generally, the generation of electricityis carried out by electric stations that convert nuclear and organic fuels, as well as wind and water. These types of energy are transformed into a mechanical one by rotation of steam and hydraulic turbines, and then, thanks to the generator, they turn into electrical energy.
Often, there is often a need to reverse the modification of electricity in the mechanical. Here electric motors come to the rescue.
Another type of electrical machines are transformers.They are used to further modify the energy on the way from the power plant to the consumers. With their help, you can increase or decrease the voltage.
