What is parallelism?This is a technique used in poetic speech. It is a comparison of two phenomena by the method of their parallel imaging. This kind of comparison emphasizes the difference or similarity of the phenomena occurring in the work of art. Poetic speech, he gives a special expressiveness and has a variety of purposes, applications and meaning. Consider in what other syntactic constructions parallelism is used:
- In the sentence words are located according to a certain law. To properly build it, you need to follow the order of words, otherwise, if any members are permuted, it can completely change the meaning.
- The reverse and direct order of words is called"inversion". The subject to the predicate is a direct order, and if reversal is used, that is, the inversion itself, then the words will be located in a different order not provided by the grammatical rules. Used for strong expression of feelings, with an excited, emotional conversation.
The means existing in the Russian languageparallelism is called pictorial. They have one more name - stylistic figures. These include the following: an alliance, a multi-union, an anaphor, an exclamation and an appeal. Parallelism is a storehouse of expressive opportunities for speaking. The most famous representational tools that are used in parallelism are a rhetorical question and syntactic parallelism.
Syntactic parallelism is the principleconstructive device of stylistic figures or, as it is also called, a special case of repetition and symmetry. It consists in the "mirror" structure of syntactic constructions. This can be the same number of components, the syntactic relationship between them, the location of the components of these designs. At least two syntactic units must be present in syntactic parallelism. For example: "His figure expresses the invisible qualities of the soul, the hidden qualities of the spirit."
Syntactic parallelism (from the Greek word"Parallelos" - going alongside) is a completely monotonous construction of several sentences, in which the equally expressed terms are arranged in the same sequence.
Syntactic parallelism. Examples:
What is he looking for in a distant country?
What he threw in the edge of his own?
(M. Lermontov)
Syntactic parallelism occurs very often, and its meaning is as follows: in verse or prose the same sentence structure is strictly observed.
Here, the reversed (chiasm) and direct parallelism are distinguished. It depends on how the proposals relate to each other
Syntactic parallelism can enhance the rhetorical question (it is in its structure - an interrogative sentence, but a communication message).
Let us consider in more detail other means of parallelism:
Appeal is an expressive medium of speech (these are proper names, animal nicknames or names of objects). He has an invocative intonation.
Anaphora is the repetition of the speech or individual words at the beginning of sentences or their passages, which constitute the utterance.
Unionlessness is the deliberate omission of alliances in a sentence for the swiftness and dynamism of utterances.
Multi-Alliance - the opposite in meaningstylistic structure of the proposal. Used in artistic works for the expressiveness of speech. Unions at the same time are repeated, thereby emphasizing the incompleteness of thought, and make the proposals themselves more emotionally expressed.
A complex, called a period, contains a number of homogeneous sentences, for example, subordinate clauses. Usually they begin with the same unions and are the same size.
