City agglomeration iscompact spatial grouping of settlements, which are combined by intensive cultural and industrial ties. At the same time, a complex multicomponent dynamic structure is formed.
Agglomeration is (literally) joining.
Today, the development of megacities in Russia is happeningin a fundamentally new way. Modern agglomeration is a complex process. Its most important stages were identified in the framework of studies conducted in large regions of the country (Moscow and St. Petersburg).
Thus, the first stage, which beginsagglomeration is "industrial association". This phase involves the consolidation of the labor market. In the 90s in Russia, according to experts, a significant decline in production was a catalyst for the transformation of this sector. As a result, the services sector has become practically the main direction contributing to the simultaneous growth of employment and the formation of an adequate income for the population.
The second stage involves the formation of a singleindustrial, residential and retail property markets. As a result, some functions of the center of the megalopolis (for example, production, entertainment, consumption) assumes the periphery. In peripheral areas, the demand for basic types of infrastructure (water, heat and electricity, transportation, etc.) and land begins to grow.
In this phase, agglomeration is a processcharacterized by increased welfare of citizens, as well as increased mobility of the population. Residents not only make long trips out of town, but are also ready to change their place of residence without any problems. Thus, major bypass roads not only perform their direct functions, but also become in fact a component of the unified transport network of urban agglomerations.
At the third stage, complication occurs.functional links between individual spatial elements. In particular, direct relations develop between the sub-centers of the megalopolis, the volume and variety of markets increase, the capacity and quality of demand for types of infrastructure in the centers of settlements and corridors between them increase, roads, airports, engineering areas, telecommunications are developed.
Modern agglomeration - definition,implying not only the integrity of the production and distribution system. In Russia today, this concept characterizes to a greater degree the integrity of markets (land, real estate, labor), as well as the level of functional interconnection of individual components.
Modern agglomeration is formed in accordance with the natural course of things. At the same time, the phenomena accompanying the process seem to be quite adjustable.
The mechanisms for controlling this system arein the area of institutional infrastructure in the main markets, as well as in the sector of infrastructure development areas. Undoubtedly, agglomeration systems are of paramount importance in socio-economic development. In this regard, the authorities seek to strengthen and update the available tools and methods for regulating the formation of these systems as centers of the post-industrial economic structure.
In this case, given the complexity of the implementation of largeinter-municipal or inter-regional infrastructure projects in Russia, difficulties in solving problems of ensuring a single regulatory and legal space, the government faces a whole range of administrative issues. These issues, in particular, include the definition of the boundaries of new areas, the prospects for the unification of territories, the formation of mechanisms for the joint implementation of infrastructure projects, the delimitation of powers and so on.
