Transformer is enoughcomplex technical device, the main function of which is the transformation of certain properties and qualities of electrical energy, such as voltage or torque. Also, a modern transformer is able to convert alternating current into direct current and vice versa.
Among the huge variety of instruments currently used, their pulse types should be especially emphasized.
Pulse transformer is widely used incommunication systems, VT, automation devices, to make changes in the amplitude of the pulses, as well as their polarity. The main condition for the successful operation of this type of device is that the distortion of the signal that is transmitted with its help should be minimal.
Импульсный трансформатор основывается в своей activity on the following principle: while rectangular pulses of a certain voltage arrive at its input, an electric current gradually appears in the primary winding, the force of which gradually begins to increase. This, in turn, will entail a change in the magnetic field and the appearance of an electromotive force in the secondary winding. In this case, signal distortion practically does not occur, and the possible losses of current are so small that they can be neglected.
As for the negative part of the pulse,the appearance of which is inevitable while the pulse transformer reaches its design capacity, its influence can be minimized by installing a simple diode in the secondary winding. Thereby, the impulse will also become as close to rectangular as possible.
Pulse transformer is differentvarieties of this technical system that works only in an unsaturated mode. Its magnetic core is made of a special alloy, which necessarily has a significant bandwidth of the magnetic field.
In addition to pulsed, in modern energy and electronics industries use the following main types of transformers:
- The activity of a single modern radio deviceimpossible without power transformers. Their activity is multifaceted: on the one hand, they are necessary in order that the receivers can be powered from a normal network with alternating current, and on the other, in order to increase or decrease the voltage of a particular frequency in the amplifiers. An important constructive feature of power transformers is associated with this function - instead of steel cores, they use magnetite or carbonyl iron inserts.
- Another type of instrument usedmainly in modern tracking systems and on-board computers of airplanes, there is a rotating transformer. Its principle of operation is that the angle of rotation of the frame is converted into an electric current voltage. An externally rotating transformer is a small electrical machine operating exclusively on alternating current. In addition, depending on where these transformers are used, they can be both bipolar and multipolar.
- Depending on which current flows toprimary winding, emit AC and DC transformers. The main type of the first type is an autotransformer, which consists exclusively of one coil, which is directly included in the electrical circuit. This type of device is intended solely for voltage reduction and only for very small currents. The DC transformer is a more complex device consisting of a dynamo and a motor. In this case, the primary current is produced by the engine, and the secondary current by the dynamo, which is driven by the same electric motor. Often there is a situation where the DC transformer is an engine and a dynamo-machine, interconnected by a single metal frame. This is done to save material, as well as to improve the quality of the device.
