Table "Reforms of Peter 1" summarizesFeatures of the transformative activity of the first emperor of Russia. With its help, we can concisely, concisely and clearly identify the main directions of its steps to change all spheres of life of Russian society in the first quarter of the 18th century. Perhaps this is the best way for middle-level students to learn this difficult and rather voluminous material, which is very important for the analysis and proper understanding of the features of the historical process in our country in the next centuries.
Features of the emperor
One of the most difficult, difficult and at the same time interesting topics is the "Reforms of Peter the Great." Briefly the table on this topic demonstrates all the data necessary for schoolchildren.
In the introductory lesson, it should immediately be indicated thatthe activities of Peter Alekseevich touched upon all strata of society and determined the further history of the country. This is precisely the uniqueness of the era of his rule. At the same time, he was a very practical person and introduced innovations based on specific needs.
| State-political reforms | Social transformations | Economic measures | Military reforms |
| Centralization of management, creation of bureaucracy | Crystallization of the social structure | Development of the economy for military needs | Establishment of a regular army |
This can be visually demonstrated with moredetailed coverage of the theme "Reforms of Peter the Great." Briefly, the table on the problem posed clearly demonstrates the wide scope with which the emperor acted. It seemed that he had a hand in everything: reorganized the army, government, made significant changes in the social structure, economic sphere, diplomacy and, finally, contributed to the spread of Western European culture and way of life among the Russian nobility.
Transformations in the Army
In the middle link it is very important that schoolchildrenhave mastered the basic facts of the theme "Reforms of Peter the Great." Briefly the table on this problem helps students to familiarize themselves with the data and systematize the accumulated material. Almost all of his reign the emperor waged war with Sweden for access to the Baltic Sea. The need for strong and powerful troops arose with particular acuity at the very beginning of his reign. Therefore, the new ruler immediately began reorganizing the army.
One of the most interesting sections in the topic under consideration is the "Military reforms of Peter the Great." The table can be summarized as follows.
| Creating a new type of army | Measures for the unification and training of personnel |
| Introduction recruitment system | Creation of schools, colleges |
| Rearmament of the army | Unification of the form, awards, medals |
| Use of new weapons | Increase in rank for personal merit |
| Construction of the fleet | Introduction of new charters |
The Importance of Military Innovation
It shows that the emperor's steps were dictatedspecific needs of modern times, but many of its innovations continued to exist for a very long time. The main goal of the reforms was to create a permanent and regular army. The thing is, there used to be a so-called local system of recruiting troops: the landowner was on the examination together with several servants, who also had to serve with him.
However, by the beginning of the 18th century, this principle had become obsoleteyourself. By this time serfdom had already taken shape, and the state began recruiting soldiers for service from the peasants. Another very important measure was the creation of professional military schools for the training of officers and command staff.
Transformations of power structures
Практика показывает, что одной из самых сложных That is the "Political reforms of Peter the Great." Briefly, the table on this issue clearly demonstrates how profound the emperor's transformative activity in the management bodies was. He completely changed the central and local administration. Instead of the Boyar Duma, which previously served as advisory functions under the tsar, he created the Senate modeled on Western European countries. Instead of orders, colleges were created, each of which performed a certain function in management. Their activities were strictly controlled by the prosecutor-general. In addition, a special secret fiscal control over the bureaucratic apparatus was created.
| Reforms in the center | Reforms of local government |
| The creation of the Senate, the Synod, colleges | Establishment of provinces, provinces, counties |
| Establishment of the Prosecutor General's Office | Introduction of new officials: the governor, governors |
New administrative division
Equally complex is the theme and "Publicreform of Peter 1. Briefly, the table on this issue reflects the fundamental changes that have occurred in the organization of local government. Gubernias were created, who were in charge of the affairs of a certain region. The provinces were divided into provinces, and those, in turn, were divided into counties. Such a structure was very convenient for management and met the tasks of the time under consideration. At the head of the provinces stood the governor, and at the head of the provinces and counties - the voevoda.
Changes in Industry and Trade
A particular difficulty is often the study of the topic"Economic reforms of Peter 1. In short, the table on this issue reflects the complexity and ambiguity of the emperor's activities against merchants and traders, who, on the one hand, sought to create the most favorable conditions for the development of the country's economy, but at the same time acted almost serfdom methods, which in no way could not contribute to the development of market relations in our country. The economic activity of Petr Alekseevich was not as effective as the transformation in other spheres. At the same time, it was the first experience in the development of trade in the West European model.
| Creation of industry | State measures for the development of the economy | Trade |
| The creation of manufactories, the attribution of peasants to them | Carrying out a policy of mercantilism | The introduction of a state monopoly on a number of goods |
| Permission for the purchase of peasants for manufactories | Protectionism | Forced relocation of merchants to St. Petersburg |
Transformations in the public structure
The theme "Socialreform of Peter 1. Briefly, the table on this issue clearly demonstrates the fundamental changes that have occurred in the Russian society of the time under study. In contrast to his predecessors, the emperor introduced the principle of distinction in the military and state spheres, depending not on the patrimonial affiliation, but on personal merit. His famous "Table of Ranks" introduced a new principle of service. From now on the person, in order to get a promotion or rank, had to achieve any success.
| Nobility | Peasantry | Third estate |
| Introduction of compulsory service | Introduction of the poll tax | Unification of the urban population on the European model |
| Promotion depending on personal experience | Final enslavement of the peasants | Providing self-government to cities, dividing citizens into workshops and guilds |
It was under Peter that was finalized.social structure of society. The main support of autocracy was the nobility, which replaced the clan aristocracy. The successors of the emperor also relied on this very class, which indicates the effectiveness of the measures taken.
You can complete the study of this problem.summing up. What is the significance of the reforms of Peter 1 in the history of Russia? The table, a summary of this topic can serve as an effective means of summarizing. Regarding social transformations, it should be noted that the ruler’s measures met the demands of his time, when the principle of parochialism was outdated, and the country needed new personnel that would have the necessary qualities to perform the new tasks faced by the country in connection with the Northern War arena.
The role of the emperor’s transformational activities
Theme "The main reforms of Peter 1", a table shortthe content of which is an important component in the study of the history of Russia in the first quarter of the 18th century should be divided into several classes so that students have the opportunity to properly consolidate the material. At the final lesson, it is necessary to take stock of the material covered and to indicate what role the transformations of the first emperor played in the future fate of Russia.
Measures taken by the ruler, brought our countryon the European arena and put it among the leading European states. The topic “Major reforms of Peter 1”, a table, a brief summary clearly shows how the country reached the world level of development, getting access to the sea and becoming one of the main members of the European concert of powers.
