To solve many geometric problems,find the height of the given shape. These tasks are of practical importance. When carrying out construction work, determining the height helps to calculate the required amount of materials, as well as to determine how accurately the slopes and openings are made. Often, to create patterns, you need to have an idea of the properties of geometric shapes.
У многих людей, несмотря на хорошие оценки в school, the construction of ordinary geometric figures raises the question of how to find the height of a triangle or parallelogram. And the definition of the height of the triangle is the most difficult. This is because the triangle can be sharp, blunt, isosceles or rectangular. For each of the types of triangles, there are rules of construction and calculation.
How to find the height of a triangle in which all angles are sharp, graphically
If all the angles at the triangle are sharp (each angle in the triangle is less than 90 degrees), then to find the height you need to do the following.
- Given the given parameters, we construct a triangle.
- We introduce the notation. A, B and C will be the vertices of the figure. The angles corresponding to each vertex are α, β, γ. The sides opposing these angles are a, b, c.
- Высотой называется перпендикуляр, опущенный из The vertices of the angle to the opposite side of the triangle. To find the heights of a triangle, we construct perpendiculars: from the vertex of the angle α to the side a, from the vertex of the angle β to the side b, and so on.
- The point of intersection of the height and the side of a is denoted byH1, and the height h1. The point of intersection of height and side b is H2, the height is h2, respectively. For the side c, the height is h3, and the intersection point is H3.
Next, for each type of triangle, we use the same notation for the sides, angles, heights and vertices of the triangles.
Height in a triangle with an obtuse angle
Now consider how to find the height of a triangle,if one corner is blunt (more than 90 degrees). In this case, the height drawn from the obtuse angle will be inside the triangle. The other two heights will be outside the triangle.
Let the angles α and β in our triangle besharp, and the angle γ is obtuse. Then to construct the heights emerging from the angles α and β, we must continue the opposite sides of the triangle to draw perpendiculars.
How to find the height of an isosceles triangle
Such a figure has two equal sides andbase, and the angles at the base are also equal. This equality of sides and angles facilitates the construction of heights and their calculation.
First, draw the triangle itself. Let the sides b and c, as well as the angles β, γ be respectively equal.
Now draw the height from the vertex of the angle α, denote it by h1. For an isosceles triangle, this height will be both a bisector and a median.
Next, we construct two other heights: h2 for side b and angle β, h3 for side c and angle γ. These heights will be equal in length.
For the base, you can only make oneconstruction. For example, to hold the median - a segment that connects the vertex of an isosceles triangle and the opposite side, the base, to find the height and the bisector. And to calculate the height length for the other two sides, you can only build one height. Thus, in order to graphically determine how to calculate the height of an isosceles triangle, it is sufficient to find two heights of three.
How to find the height of a right triangle
In a rectangular triangle, it is much easier to determine the heights than others. This is because the legs themselves form a right angle, which means they are heights.
To build a third height, as usual,A perpendicular connecting the vertex of the right angle and the opposite side is drawn. As a result, in order to learn how to find the height of a triangle in this case, only one construction is required.
