Since the times of antiquity, man has triedunderstand the world and its place in it. Using logical thinking, the inquiring mind of a human being tried to find the essence and interconnection of the events and phenomena. The modern knowledge of humanity is the result of almost ten thousand years of painstaking analysis of all that the researcher of the surrounding world has encountered.
What is a paradox?
Over time, knowledge was opened that provideda more complete understanding of the events or phenomena that arise. However, despite this, there are exceptions when something happens, but does not find a logical explanation. In the modern world, science refers to this phenomenon to paradoxes. Translated from the Greek, "paradox" (παράδοξος) is unexpected, strange.
The paradoxes that have arisen have always agitated andintrigued man's mind with its contradictions and vagueness. Despite the lack of explanation, the person is trying to find and solve the problem that arose before him. Over time, some paradoxes lost the status of unexplained and passed into a clear logical field of understanding. Next, we will touch on some of the “dark” corners of knowledge that are still incomprehensible today. We hope that in due course it will become clear to us what lies behind this and what the nature and properties of the phenomenon are.
Paradoxes of physics
Физика – наука, которая богата парадоксами.They are found in various areas of science: thermodynamics, hydrodynamics, quantum mechanics. Let us give examples of some of them in an accessible style for the reader.
- Archimedes Paradox: a huge ship can sail in a few liters of water.
- The tea leaf paradox: after mixing the tea, all the tea leaves are collected in the center of the cup, which is contrary to the action of centrifugal force. Under its action, they must move to the walls. But this does not happen
- The paradox of Mlemba: hot water can freeze under certain conditions faster than cold water.
- Parade of d'Alembert: spherical body does not receive resistance when moving in an ideal fluid.
- The paradox of Einstein - Podolsky - Rosen: distant events have a mutual influence.
- Shroedinger `s cat: quantum paradox. The cat is in two states (neither alive nor dead) until we look at it.
- The disappearance of information in a black hole: information is destroyed when it enters a black hole.
- Paradox of origin: When traveling in time, the question arises of what is originally, objects or information.
There are other, very mysterious paradoxes of physics.
Where else can paradoxes occur?
A large amount of "dark" knowledge exists invarious areas of our lives. It can be found in logic, mathematics and statistics, geometry, chemistry. In addition, there are philosophical, economic, legal, psychophysical paradoxes.
With the advent of understanding the possibility of movingtime in any direction (modern science theoretically confirms this possibility) an avalanche flooded strange conclusions associated with such travel. For example, the well-known paradox of the grandfather. He says that if you return to the past and kill your grandfather, you will not be born. Accordingly, you cannot kill your grandfather.
Quantum physics - the kingdom of paradoxes
With the advent of a new direction in physicsthe number of paradoxes has increased significantly. According to scientists, you can either believe in it or not understand it. Quantum physics does not support existing laws known to us and consists of continuous paradoxes that are contrary to our common sense. For example, one particle can affect another regardless of distance (quantum entanglement). The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox includes not only the phenomenon of interdependence of the state of particles, but also the impossibility of simultaneously measuring the position and state of an elementary particle.
“Logic without logic”
Where else are strange events and phenomena? Let's dive into mathematics and its theory of probability. A very famous paradox is the Monty Hall. He was first voiced in 1990.
It got its name in honor of the TV host of one game show, where players were given the choice of the door behind which the prize was hidden.
In short, the paradox is the discrepancy between the result and the expected result.
The possible nature of the occurrence of strange events: the theory of paradoxes
The scientific world and today continues to deal withnature and essence of the occurrence of such phenomena. There are several assumptions that allow the existence of "dark" knowledge in various fields of information.
- In a simpler and more accessible version, they arise from incomplete knowledge of the mechanisms or algorithms of nature, or the logical foundation of thinking.
- According to another version, this is the method used.building an analysis is not correct, but at the moment it is quite acceptable. In simple words, we incorrectly use logical thinking, but today this style is quite applicable for humanity. As the course of development of civilization shows, this is exactly what happened in the past, but such changes take place imperceptibly and rather slowly.
- There is another hypothesis explaining the origin of the paradoxes. It says that if we are confronted with paradoxes, then this indicates the predestination of the future.
Conclusion
We can't clearly say what the realthe cause of such strange events or phenomena. However, we can say for sure that the paradox is the “engine” of knowledge. Facing unexpected results, many scientists and researchers embark on a long and difficult path in search of the truth of this world and their place in it.
