Today we will find out how the small ones are calledcells in the cytoplasm of the cell. We also suggest that you highlight their purpose and varieties. So, small bodies located in the cytoplasm of a cell are called plastids. They are part of the cell. Plastids are very important, their role is no less important than other cell organelles.
As for the cell, it is structurala unit of everything that surrounds us. Everything alive, and the man himself, is a “designer” created with the help of cells. They are very small, it is simply impossible to consider them with the naked eye. The first acquaintance with the cell and its organoids occurs in high school, while students are invited to work with the microscope for the first time. So, go to our main question.
Plastids
We already said in the preface that the little bodies,the cells in the cytoplasm are plastids. They are very important organoids of the plant cell. They can be found in autotrophic plants. It is important to mention that plastids have:
- DNA;
- RNA;
- structures for protein synthesis.
Based on the foregoing, we can isolate the main function of the plastids. It is not difficult to guess that this is a synthesis of organic substances. As for the species, the following are distinguished:
- chloroplasts;
- chromoplasts;
- leukoplasts;
- chromatophores (in algae).
They all have a different purpose and color, soas in each individual form there is a certain pigment. Let's fix and make a small conclusion: the small bodies that are in the cytoplasm of the cell are plastids. All of them have a complex structure and are divided into four classes (by color and function). The main function of each species is the synthesis of organic substances.
Chloroplasts
Green small bodies located in the cytoplasmcells are chloroplasts. Their color is directly dependent on chlorophyll, the pigment in the plastid. Another pigment is called carotenoid, which has an orange color. It is important to note that their sizes are very small; on this basis, there may be more than twenty chloroplasts in the leaf cell. We have indicated that algae have plastids called chromatophores, so, they are distinguished by their larger size, there can be only 2 of them in the cell.
Here we must also note the main function of chloroplasts, which consists in the implementation of photosynthesis.
Chromoplastics
So, small bodies located in the cytoplasm of a cell are called plastids. We have already identified the main types, now we offer a brief review of chromoplasts. They may be of several colors:
- yellow;
- orange;
- red.
We can find them not only in the leaves, but also in the fruit or petals. The structure of chromoplastics is no different from the structure of other plastids. The matrix contains a protein base, DNA and pigments.
The main function is to attract the attention of insects and animals eating the fruit, since chromoplasts paint fruits and flowers in bright colors.
Leukoplasts
It is important to understand that plastids can move fromone form to another. So, leukoplast is a kind of ancestor of chloroplasts. Surely everyone has plants at home. If they have poor lighting, the color of the leaves is pale yellow. This is due to the fact that leucoplasts are present in the cells of these plants. If to expose a plant to light, then leukoplasts will be transformed to chloroplasts, then the plant will get saturated green color.
