Как известно, период неоднозначного процесса the implementation of economic transformation in the country is a difficult time, including in the field of legal development of individuals in a particular social group. Given the fact that any society in its development, of course, passes through certain stages, the sociology of law in this society is subject to adjustment. It is clear that each of these stages has its own characteristics and subtleties, which in many respects deform the general laws of formation. However, there is the possibility of a certain classification of the state of legal consciousness, both of society as a whole and of its individual representatives.
The system of social values in the USSR
How would each of us belong to the UnionSoviet Socialist Republics, but this is our history, which allows us to more understand and appreciate the processes in various areas of life and the state, and citizens. Modern Russian sociology of law is no exception. It is worth recalling that the basic social and political principle, at least declared, was the principle of the dictatorship of the proletariat. This fact largely determined the understanding of the right of a citizen and, accordingly, governed the social policy of the state itself. Thus, the sociology of law in the USSR was focused on the exclusion, if possible, of all social risks.
New Russian Federation
Коренные изменения, которые претерпела социология in modern Russia, they originated in the already relatively distant 80s of the last century. It was at this moment that the fundamental aspect of the state’s social policy becomes not the collective, as a unit of reference, but the personality, which largely changed not only the legal structure in the country, but also the sense of justice of the people. Even more actively, all these processes were visible in the 90s, after the collapse of the Soviet Union. During this period, the problems of the state, both in the economy and in the field of political structure, played a huge role in the legal consciousness of citizens. The system of priorities collapsed, creating a rather serious vacuum that, to a certain extent, contributed to the distortion of the understanding of legal norms by the population. Not the least role in this process was played by the fact that social institutions practically did not fulfill their functions, and there was no time left for such a concept as a sociology of law, nor, as they say, forces. One can say the bottom in this fall was 1994, when, eventually, the state was adopted in the sphere of social policy. In this case, special attention was paid to the directly fundamental aspects of the life of social groups, such as social partnership, the formation of the labor market (including in the projection of unemployment), the stabilization of the standard of living. It is worth noting that the last priority, which is considered by modern Russian sociology of law, has replaced the distribution system of the so-called public consumption funds.
Modern realities - new challenges
It is clear that time does not stand in one place.As a result, the sociology of law should move forward in its development. Moreover, the current conditions for the development of society form new tasks and functions of the state in social policy. First of all, we are talking about strengthening the so-called targeted support of all poor and low-income citizens. Secondly, a serious problem that sociology in modern Russia must solve to some extent is, without doubt, forced migrants and other groups of migrants. Naturally, their adaptation to society and sufficient social support are necessary.
