Feminine noun "claim"quite often used in modern speech. This demand contributes to the fact that the word "claim" meaning is not one, but four. What are they and where did this term come from in Russian? Let's find the answers to all these questions.
The story of the appearance of the word "claim" in Russian
Как и большинство терминов, имеющих аналоги в most common European languages, this noun comes from Latin. The words “praetensio” and “praetentus”, which meant “claim” or “demand”, can be considered his “progenitor”.
After the collapse of the Roman Empire in theIts fragments of European states Latin began to be considered the language of science and religion. Due to this, many concepts and terms from Latin were successfully borrowed by other European languages. Among these words was the noun “claim” (the meaning of the term will be discussed below). It is found today in many languages, and having changed quite a bit. For example, in English it is pretension, in French - la prétention. In some languages this term has not been preserved, being supplanted by others: reclamación (in Spanish), affermazione (in Italian), die Reklamation (in German).
К славянам это слово пришло через посредничество English or German. At the same time, it remained only in the East Slavic languages, while in the West Slavic languages it was supplanted by other nouns.
Today, this term is actively used in the Belarusian (pre-empathy), Russian (claim) and Ukrainian (claim) languages. While the Poles and the Czechs do not have it.
Main lexical meaning of the word "claim"
This name is used in speech when it comes to the requirement of some particular something or someone.
For example: "The claims of a citizen to such a parking lot are unfounded, since at the meeting it was decided that it was assigned to the tenants of the fifth apartment."
The second meaning of this noun
Considering the question of what a “claim” is, one should pay attention to other variants of interpretation of this word.
So, this noun is also used in speech, when referring to a complaint about something or attempts to express their discontent.
For example: "People in the queue at the supermarket checkout expressed their complaints about the speed and quality of the cashier."
Another version of the interpretation of the word
Also, this term is used as a name for the desire of an individual to make a better impression on someone, ascribing to himself qualities that she does not possess.
For example: “The decoration of their home was not just rich, but luxurious. At the same time, there was a pretense to some kind of nobility, which the inhabitants didn’t have. ”
Peer Words "Claim" and "Pretentious"
In the considered term (if it is usedin the meaning of attributing non-existent merits to oneself, there is an adjective “pretentious” which is close in meaning. It is used when talking about excessively high self-esteem or pretentiousness, mannerism.
For example: "Her screaming mediocrity was compensated by the pretentious manner of holding herself and talking about contemporary art and its decline."
The words “claim” and “pretentious” are very close in meaning. It should be borne in mind that the last of them does not have all the other interpretations that the first is rich with.
"Claim" - the lexical meaning of the noun in jurisprudence
Also, the word in question is a legal term that every citizen has come across at least once in his life, but did not always know what it is called that way.
So what is a "claim" in the business world?This term lawyers refer to the complaint of the buyer or consumer on the quality of products or services rendered, executed in writing. Also this word refers to the requirement of the creditor, directed to the debtor, who does not pay interest on the loan on time.
In fact, a complaint is a document that facilitates the settlement of a dispute between the parties at the pre-trial stage.
What are the required attributes that a claim document should have?
Having dealt with the question of what a claim in jurisprudence is, you should learn more about the features of its design.
First of all, you need to understand thatclaims are even those documents in the title of which is not worth this term. Thus, all complaints, claims, appeals, open letters and statements containing a notice of violation of the rights of its author, guaranteed by law, and demands for elimination or compensation, are automatically referred to claims.
To make such a document according to the currentthe law may be any natural or legal person who believes that the service or product they purchased does not correspond to the declared properties. At the same time, in order for a claim to be valid, it is necessary to be able to prove that the facts stated in it are not the fruit of the imagination of its author, but a harsh reality.
Claims are addressed to a person who, by lawresponsible for the inadequate quality of the product or service. Thus, a complaint about a poor-quality electric kettle from a supermarket, which is refused to be replaced under warranty (if the case is really a warranty or a factory defect), must be submitted not to the sales assistant, cashier or loader, courier, but to the general director of a particular supermarket or even the entire chain.
The document compiled is sent to such a person by mail, preferably by registered mail, return receipt and declared value and an inventory of all the attached documents.
There are no special requirements to the form of the document, ifIt is important for this to be made in two copies (one remains with the sender). In addition, a copy of all documents confirming the words of the author should be attached to the claim. The originals should always be left at home.
In each claim, the following points must be indicated.
- From whom and to whom this document is sent.
- According to what law the complaint is made.
- Under what circumstances there was a violation of the rights of the author.
- Reasonable requirements.
- Your feedback data (phone, email and postal address).
- Information on further actions if the requirements are not met.
If after thirty calendar days orterm specified in the contract, which is the subject of the claim, the requirements will not be met, this is the reason for going to court. When filing a lawsuit, it is better to immediately supplement your claims with litigation costs by the losing party.
Synonyms
Having dealt with the fact that such a claim, it is worth knowing what analogs can be chosen for this word.
First of all, the selection of synonyms should take into account the meaning of the noun in this case, since it has no absolute analogue.
- To the first value you can use the substitute word "requirement".
- In the second case, the term “complaint” will be relevant.
- In the third - “ambition”.
- As for the use of the word in question in jurisprudence, the term “complaint” can be used as a synonym for it.
Having studied all the meanings of the word in question, one can only hope that every reader in his life will have as few reasons as possible to express his claims verbally or in writing.
