Everyone knows what simple sentences are.schoolboy. But, unfortunately, it is not always easy to distinguish them from sentences of another kind - complex ones. Consider aspects of this issue in more detail. We explain the features and structure of the proposals of both types.
Phrases
The proposal is called one ofsyntactic language units. In order to make it clearer, we give an example. In phonetics, the unit will be sound, in vocabulary - a word, in morphology - a part of speech, and in syntax, phrases and sentences are usually distinguished. That is what this science is studying.
The phrase is called two or more words that are not only combined with each other within the meaning, but also have a grammatical connection (examples: best friend, come home, run away).
It is customary to distinguish two types of their types:
- verbs, which consist of a verb and a dependent word (drop out of school);
- nominal, consisting of a noun, adjective or numeral and dependent words (fashionable dress, four friends).
Phrases are part of the proposals, distributing them. It is with their study that they begin the course of syntax in school. But what are simple sentences, we find out further.
Simple
It is worth remembering that the subject and the predicate can not be called a phrase. Such constructions are already considered to be a simple sentence (Winter came. Mom left).
Of course, such units are not common.Usually they are spread by various minor members (Good buddies will always help us in any trouble). In such a sentence, in addition to the grammatical basis, the definitions (good, any), circumstances (always), additions (to us, in trouble) are highlighted.
Many students often confuse which sentence is simple. Especially if it contains various types of complications:
- Revolutions: The sun, warming the ground, comes out from behind the clouds (isolated circumstance).
- Plug-in constructions: I will definitely try (even if at night) to add term paper.
- Appeal to any person: Maria Ivanovna, go to my office.
At first glance it may seem thatconstructions in this case are complex. In order not to get confused about what simple sentences are, it is necessary to remember: there is always only one grammatical basis in their composition. No complications can affect this.
In some sentences, either the subject or the predicate may be present. Then they are called one-piece, but nevertheless also simple.
Complicated
These designs, unlike the previous ones, have not one basis, but several. Depending on how the parts of a complex sentence relate to each other, they are divided into three types.
- If two syntactic units are combinedcomposing unions, such sentences are called compound: Aquarium fish require careful maintenance, but it is not difficult for a knowledgeable person to do this (union “but”).
- Designs when one part depends on the other andadjacent to it with the help of subordination unions, are called complex subordination: It is necessary to study hard to get a decent profession (the union "to").
- In the case when a sentence unites two simple ones without the help of any means, it is defined as non-union: The long-awaited spring has come, the day has become longer.
All this terminology is pretty easyperceived by students. The lesson “Simple and complex sentences” is included in the elementary school curriculum. Then, throughout the course of study, this knowledge is consolidated and expanded.
Conclusion
The most important thing that is worth understanding for yourself in determining the type of sentences is the ability to correctly identify the grammatical basis. Only after that can we judge its type.
We learned what simple sentences are. They have only one actor, and, accordingly, only a single grammatical basis. It is difficult to have several predicates.
Be careful: do not confuse phrases with simple sentences!
