Помимо распространенных слов в русском языке There are words that are used much less frequently. These include various slang and phrases used in professional speech. Professionalism - these are words that people use a particular profession, or simply related to a particular specialization. But, unlike terms, they are not accepted as official concepts and are not applicable in scientific activities.
Features of the term
It is worth more to dwell on what isprofessionalism in the Russian language. Often these words include jargon. The unofficial character of the tokens suggests that they are not widely used. Their use may be limited to a narrow circle of people: belonging to the same specialty, qualifications, working in the same organization. Often the circle of concepts becomes wider over time.
Practically people of any profession have their owna set of professionalisms. This is due to the need to clearly identify all processes and phenomena in working life, many of which are often not defined. Such words are formed through associations with everyday concepts. Often, for a person who is not dedicated to the subtleties of a particular profession, there may be confusion when meeting words from professional vocabulary. In real life, they can denote completely different objects.
Characteristics and application
Another special featureProfessionalism is emotional coloring and expression. Many people use to denote negative working phenomena, errors in production. Their similarity with colloquial expressions is noticeable: in some cases it is almost impossible to distinguish between these concepts. They are always formed in oral speech. In some cases, the word has a terminological equivalent, which is not used because of the complexity of pronunciation, the cumbersomeness of the word.
Many examples can be cited from railprofessions. Each type of transport here has its own designation, sometimes consisting of abbreviations and numbers. It is rather difficult to use them in speech, therefore in the communication of railway workers there are substitute concepts.
Designations are not only technicaldevices, but also separate professions and positions. Car drivers are called drivers. Some of the professionalism words are distorted foreign designations: reading the Latin alphabet without following the rules of pronunciation (for example, designator is a designer).
Examples from different professions
In some works of artLiterature writers also use professionalism. This is necessary for the image of a certain category of people, the transfer of emotions and for the dialogues of characters. Many representatives of professions do not even notice how they use the words of this vocabulary in their speech. They have teachers, sports trainers, economists and designers. In legal and legal practice, the phrase "sew a case" means "an investigation with a bias towards the prosecution." Musicians and music educators have the expression “a major mood” that carries, rather, a positive connotation. The language of medical professionals is also rich in professionalism, where the complex names of diagnoses are replaced with ironic, simplified words.
Speech Use
Professionalism in the Russian language is little studied,linguistic researchers try to avoid this phenomenon. The appearance of such words is spontaneous, and it is difficult to find definite boundaries for them and give a clear indication. There are some educational publications in which specialists try to give a list of professionalisms. Such dictionaries will help students and students in their future work activities: get up to speed and understand colleagues, not having difficulties in oral communication with narrow specialists.
Problems of professionalism
One of the problems is misunderstanding.professionalism by people who do not belong to a particular profession. Many of these expressions are missing from the dictionaries. And those that are found in vocabulary and terminology editions are difficult to distinguish from the terms and colloquialisms. The inability to find a precise definition of professionalism can cause confusion even among the representatives of the professions. And because of this - errors in the work, failures. Information barriers arise when workers and qualified specialists communicate with their management. For employees, it is more habitual to use special expressions in their speech, but many managers are not aware of their meaning. As a result, some separation of groups of workers at different levels appears, conflicts may arise.
