Inflation of costs is a process in whichthe general price level rises due to the fact that spending on production and sale of products increases. A similar problem can arise due to the fact that the aggregate supply exceeds the level of demand.
Inflation affects almost all types ofcosts of the firm. Let us consider the main causes of this process. In fact, all organizations use some services, in particular transport, general use relationships and many others. Often, such products are characterized by price dictates due to the dominance of monopolization. That is, the cost of the services used by the company is increased, and the manager does not have the opportunity to choose more inexpensive options. Then the organization has to either raise prices for its goods, or work at a loss.
In those countries in which trade unions exist,Cost inflation can arise because of the need to raise salaries for employees. However, for Russia this is irrelevant. In our country, at the moment, trade unions have little influence on the relationship between the employer and the employee.
As is known, in the work of most companiesborrowed funds are involved. Consequently, cost inflation may arise due to monopoly in the banking sector. Interest rates are rising, and organizations inevitably have to increase their costs, and, consequently, the cost of production increases.
For Russia, cost inflation is very characteristic,which is due to an excessive tax burden. Why is this happening? Often, business owners include paying taxes in their expenses. Consequently, it is necessary to increase the cost of production in order to cover all costs.
The reason for inflation are customs duties.At a time when they are becoming more expensive, the cost of the organization's products or services is also increasing. It should be noted that this problem became especially urgent when the law on tax duties between the CIS countries was introduced.
So, let's sum up.Inflation is often caused by non-monetary factors. This may be a rise in wages, which outpaces productivity growth, the inconsistency of factors such as supply and demand aggregate. The offer in this case is higher than the demand for it. It is worth noting that cost inflation does not appear due to excess cash. Consequently, it does not immediately devalue the currency.
Приведем простейший пример подобной инфляции.There has been a serious problem with the road through which the products are delivered to a certain area. Then a bypass is sought. Its length can significantly exceed the length of the first road, on which the goods were delivered initially. Consequently, in the area under consideration, the prices for the vast majority of product names soar because of a significant increase in transportation costs of organizations. In this case, businesses usually reduce profitability. In the worst case scenario, they completely suspend their work due to uncompetitive prices.
Inflation can be open and closed.For a developed market economy with free pricing, the first option is more typical. Open inflation implies an unregulated increase in the cost of production. Eliminating it is relatively easy. Closed inflation is characteristic of a centralized economy. It is expressed not through price increases, but through a shortage of products. With closed inflation, it is rather difficult to fight, in view of the fact that in this version there are no natural mechanisms through which stable equilibrium can be achieved.
