The Republic of Cuba is a large islanda state located in the Caribbean Sea. The territorial composition of the country includes many small archipelagos, like Antilles and Juventud. There are no common land borders with any state. It is located in close proximity to North America. The capital is the city of Havana. Since 1945 he is a member of the UN.
History of the population
In ancient times in the territory of modern Cubathe Indians lived. In the autumn of 1492, their peace was disturbed by an expedition headed by Columbus himself. For a long time between Europeans and indigenous tribes there was a fierce war for land. And only in 1511 Diego Velazquez managed to subdue the local population of Cuba. Soon Fort Baracoa was erected on the islands.
Постепенно численность поселений европейцев growing. Nevertheless, the Indians secretly did not want to concede their lands to strangers and repeatedly attacked new colonies. By the end of the 1520's, the number of victims among local residents exceeded one million. What was the population of Cuba at the time? Based on historical records, it was about 1.8 million people.
In 1898, the US Army helped Cuba gain statusindependence. From this moment a fierce struggle for power began in the country. Every few years the island state shuddered from new military and revolutionary upheavals. From 1953 to 2006 the head of Cuba was the great dictator Fidel Castro. He was remembered not only by successful reforms, but also by confrontation with the CIA. At the moment, the country is run by Fidel's younger brother Raul Castro.
Geographical features
Cuba is near the border of North and SouthAmerica. The republic includes the largest island in the West Indies. We are talking about Juventud, to which there are still about one and a half thousand coral reefs. The coastline of Cuba is convenient for large and small vessels. Dozens of large bays and ports are located here. Bays and coral formations are characteristic of the adjacent water area.
The mountain system occupies a third of the country's territory. The highest point is the peak of Turkino - 1972 m.
What attracts Cuba
The climate in the country is tropical, soThe average annual temperature rarely exceeds +25 degrees. The coldest month in the year is January. The air temperature is then +22 C. In the summer, the indices are slightly higher - up to +30 C. The water temperature is always stable +26 degrees.
Как и на всех остальных островах, на Кубе дожди are commonplace. A year there precipitation is up to 1400 mm. Nevertheless, always a stable moderately hot weather attracts tens of thousands of tourists every month. In addition, the island is constantly blown with a pleasant wind, bringing with it fresh sea air.
The population of the provinces
According to the state system, Cuba is a unitary statecountry. The entire republic is divided into administrative municipalities. This was done for political reasons. To date, the country has 16 provinces.
The most densely populated is the city of Havana.Its population is about 2.3 million. A little less than the population of Cuba is represented in the provinces of Holguin and Santiago - for a million people. Further on the number of cities and islands are located, such as Granma, Camagüey, Pinar, Villa-Clara and the region of Havana. The fewest people live in the province of Juventud - just over 87 thousand people.
Each municipality has its own executive and representative authorities.
Population of the Republic
Most of the inhabitants of the islands are the Cuban people.The population is represented by the descendants of the tribes of the Siboney, Arawak, Haitians, Guanahanabeev, Taino, etc. Nevertheless, to date, there are few true indigenous inhabitants. Most of them were exterminated during the wars with the Spanish colonialists.
The current population of Cuba isThe mixing of dozens of peoples from Indians to Europeans. In addition, in the 17th and 18th centuries, hundreds of thousands of African slaves were brought here by the Spaniards. That's why there are so many black people on the islands. For all of them, Cuba has long become a home. In the 19 century on the island was imported about 125 thousand Chinese. In the 20th century, the population of Cuba was diluted by Americans.
Number for 2015
By demographic indicators for the last 10years in the Caribbean waters the leading place is occupied by the Republic of Cuba. The population of Cuba in the autumn of 2014 was about 11.23 million people. At the same time, specialists noted a decrease in the birth rate and inflow of migrants to 0.1%. In addition, the working population is constantly leaving the country, including young people. The main place of emigration is still the United States.
По состоянию на 2015 год численность населения Cuba is 11.22 million people. According to experts, negative demographic dynamics is expected. Already at the moment the population has decreased by almost 12 thousand people. This is significant, because the birth rate this year significantly exceeded mortality (by 18%). Consequently, outflow of emigrants is again in favor of negative trends. According to statistics, 32 people leave the country in a day. At the same time, the birth rate is at the level of 300 children per day.
Population aging
British experts considered that Cuba isthe only Latin American state in which population decline has occurred in recent years. The demographic crisis in the country has been observed for several years. It is noted that the population of Cuba and the number of its inhabitants are directly affected by aging. The fact is that the birth rate falls every year, hence the average subsistence age of the region rises.
Traditions of local people
The population of Cuba is very cheerful and creative people. My favorite pastime is music and dancing. In addition to public holidays, here are honored Valentine's Day and Parents' Day.
Almost all Cubans save their savings all year round for the sake of having plenty of time to rest at the carnival in a chic suit. Night life is represented by mass discos to the rhythms of salsa.
The favorite business of the elderly is sitting on a rocking chair with a glass of rum and a Cuban cigar.
