Neologisms, examples of their processes, new Russian words

Once the appearance of the first radio receivers,phones and televisions shocked the whole world. It was really amazing! New phenomena required names. So the Russian speech included words-neologisms, which hitherto were not there and could not be.

Today the words "phone" and "TV" are difficultattributed to the category of "neologism". Examples of modern new words refer to other realities. "Computer", "cellular", "mobile", too, more recently were neologisms. But they very soon left the pedestal of novelty. Today, every kid is comfortable with these words.

"Promoter", "restyling", "rebranding", ""Nanotechnology", "franchising" - these words are not yet clear to everyone and are known. Therefore, you can still define them in the group of "neologisms". Examples of these new words are temporary. After all, very soon people will get used to them and will use them in everyday speech.

Although often happens:do not take root in the Russian speech neologisms! Examples of such rejection are words inconvenient in pronunciation, cacophonous. Although they are used in speech, however, many people try to avoid typing letters. It happened with the word "otkserit", which was formed from "photocopying". And everything seems to be right, but it's not very pleasant to hear.

In general, the words listed above wereborrowed Russian language from foreigners, these are the so-called "come from other languages ​​neologisms." Examples of this phenomenon may also have another way of appearing. For example, there are new author's words, individually-stylistic.

This process is called word-formingderivation. That is, someone, using known morphemes and generally accepted word models, forms a new, more brightly colored in the stylistic aspect of the word. Examples of neologisms invented by writers are Gogol's adjective "green-eyed", which were launched by Mayakovsky "sickly", "hammer-on", "gromadyo". True, today these words are more likely to be called archaisms: the country and the sickle and hammer have disappeared from the state emblem, and the image of the "green-birch birch" is present in every second poem.

There are several ways to switch foreign words into Russian. This can be a complete word-tracing, for example, "Internet", "computer", "Skype". To these words, the ending simply adds to the speech.

Sometimes the language traces the processtransliteration. That is, the word is assimilated under the influence of the pronunciation rules of the language that receives it. This happened with the Latin word "intonatio", which in Russian began to sound like "intonation".

Today it has become very fashionable to "joke" with language,writing his own words, mixing foreign words and Russian official parts of speech or morphemes. Often a rather ridiculous neologism is obtained. Examples - expressions "face on tabl", "skaypuyu", "geymanulsya".

Most literary scholars believe that excessivethe clogging up of the Russian language hurts him rather than helps to develop. After all, very many phenomena can be called in Russian. Especially it concerns new names of professions and positions, which, if you think about it, already exist.