The environment in one way or another hasimpact on living organisms that live in it. This impact may be direct or indirect. All elements of the environment that surrounds us, affecting living organisms, are environmental factors. Depending on the nature of origin, they are divided into biotic, anthropogenic and abiotic.
The latter include all elements of inanimate nature.These include climatic conditions, light, radiation background, soil and water composition, etc. So, for many plants, light and water are important. The condition of the soil affects the nature of the vegetation.
Biotic factors are the interaction of livingorganisms and their influence in the process of this communication on each other. The presence of certain vegetation affects the fauna of a given territory, and vice versa. Some parasites and bacteria can cause death or decrease in the viability of a living organism. Some representatives of the animal world do not tolerate certain types of plants.
Anthropogenic factors manifest as a resulthuman activities. Recently, they have the greatest impact on the environment. This is due to the development of science and technology and an increase in population.
All three types of factors can affect living organisms simultaneously to a greater or lesser extent.
The influence of environmental factors onorganisms depends on the strength with which they act. Since this effect is permanent, under normal conditions it does not have a detrimental effect. This is called an environmental optimum.
If deviations occur in greater or smallerside, the vitality of the organisms is reduced. There is a limit to stamina that they can withstand. This indicator may differ with respect to each individual species or even an individual. This factor influences the results of natural selection. Those living organisms that can adapt to external factors survive and continue to exist.
For every living organism, external factorsenvironments have their meaning. The influence of each of them may be different with respect to each individual. For example, some plants can not do without light and some mineral compounds. Animals need food and water, oxygen. The presence of the latter is vital.
Environmental factors can influence the strength of each other's actions. Some are important for more living organisms, others are not so much in demand.
Changing just one of them can affect the state of all living organisms.
The main abiotic environmental factors are light, water and temperature.
Light is important for the photosynthesis of many plants. Its presence determines the vegetation cover and, accordingly, the presence of animals.
Water is also considered one of the most important elements. Metabolic processes in every living organism take place with its participation. The presence of water also affects the size of populations and the nature of settlement.
Temperature affects many vital processes in organisms.
Anthropogenic factors depend on the activityperson But today they are the most influential. With unwise use of resources and pollution of the environment, it changes, some living organisms disappear. Sometimes these effects can be eliminated. Some of them do not require human intervention. Nature is capable of self-healing. In some cases, a person must help nature to renew its potential. But sometimes nothing can be fixed.
Human factors are also affected by environmental factors. Therefore, it should be more carefully and efficiently organize their activities.
