/ / Subject and object of management - conditions of interaction

The subject and the object of management are the conditions of interaction

The system is the connections and relationships that forma certain unity of elements among themselves. Based on its laws, management principles are formed. There are more than 200 definitions for this term, but each of them has the only meaning in itself — control. It can be simplified in the form of a contour that contains two subsystems. One of them is the subject, the second is

control object
object.

Management object in management is a subsystemreceiving management teams from the subject and functioning in accordance with them. Between control and managed prerequisite is the interaction. It consists in a number of factors.

Connectivity

Any organization has its own systemcommunications, which provides the exchange of information. The subject collects, perceives and analyzes information about the activities of the control object and its results. After that, decisions are made, they are converted into signals that determine the further functioning of the controlled subsystem.

The transfer of information from object to subject - feedback. It is expressed in

control object is
reports, messages, etc.The process of transferring information from the controlling subsystem to the managed subsystem is called a direct link. It is expressed in orders, orders, instructions, commands. Information on both types of communication must be complete and reliable. Only then management does not lose its effectiveness.

Motives and incentives

Important factors for the interaction of subsystemsare levers of control. Under them are often considered motivation and stimulation. Do not confuse these two methods. The object of management consciously chooses one or another type of activity and fully satisfies its basic needs - this is motivation. It is directed to the process of changing the existing situation. If as the needs of the management object are met, the motivation does not weaken, then it can be considered effective.

management object in management
Strengthens the current situation of stimulation.It carries a moral, social and economic function. This can be positive and negative. The object of management positions the incentive as the possibility of obtaining additional benefits or as their loss.

Mechanisms of motivation and incentives must be formed on a situational basis. For this, in the world practice of management there is a large arsenal of various means.

The subject is the control object

The control object is often simultaneouslysubject. Consider this transformation on the example of the organization. The director, chief engineer, department heads is the control subsystem. Experts, workers - managed. But at the same time, the object of management is both the director and the chief engineer, so in relation to them the subject is the legislative and judicial authorities.

For commercial enterprises, the managing subsystem is the manager of a store, managed by departments, sections. Their leaders are subjects for sellers, consultants, cashiers.